Indep/ Dep Clauses
Define dependent clauses
Has a subject, verb, and an unfinished idea (starts with a relative pronoun or a subordinating conjunction)
What are two differences between adjective and adverb clauses?
1. Adj. clause describes nouns, adverb clause describes verbs
2. Adj. starts with relative pronouns, adverb clause starts with subordinating conjunctions
Write a sentence with a prepositional phrase.
Over the hill, Jane ran.
Answers will vary
What is the difference between an autobiography and a memoir?
An autobiography is the full story of the author’s life. A memoir only tells part of a person’s life with a specific focus.
What does an adjective clause modify?
Nouns and pronouns
Is this a dependent or independent clause?
she kicks
Independent - Has a subject, verb, finished idea
Provide 2 key words for an adjective clause.
Who, that, whose, whom, which
Write a sentence with an essential appositive phrase.
My neighbor Jake was helpful.
Answers will vary.
What is the subject of a biography?
Who the book is written about, the main character.
How can a noun clause be used?
Subjects or objects
Name the 3 types of dependent clauses.
An adjective clause, an adverb clause, a noun clause
How can you tell a noun clause from an adjective clause?
1. Noun clause passes the "it" test and acts as a subject or object
2. An adjective clause describes nouns/ pronouns.
Write a sentence with a nonessential appositive phrase.
Susan, the monster from the deep end, ate her feet.
Answers will vary/
What is the definition of author’s purpose?
His or her reason for
writing the book or article.
Ex: to entertain, to share information, to educate, to persuade, etc.
What are the two types of prepositional phrases?
Adverb or adjective
How many independent clauses are in this sentence?
The mailman and I both talked on the street and on the moon.
1
What type of clause is in italics?
I like whomever sent me a Valentine’s Day card because it made me happy.
Noun clause
Write a sentence with a participial phrase.
Screaming in terror, we had a pillow fight.
Answers will vary.
What is the author’s attitude towards a specific subject called?
Tone
What is a dangling modifier/ participial, and how can it be avoided?
A dangling modifier can happen when a participial phrase indirectly modifies the wrong noun or pronoun. It can be avoided when the participial phrase comes next to the word it needs to describe.
Find the dependent clause(s) in the sentence:
The idea which is important needs to be shared with whomever is studying science.
1. which is important
2. whomever is studying science.
Write a sentence with a correctly punctuated adverb clause
Answers will vary:
If I go fishing, I will be super happy.
Write a sentence with a separate prepositional phrase and a separate appositive phrase.
In the woods, Gerald, the angriest and smallest general, yelled loudly.
Answers will vary.
What are some ways to determine an author’s tone?
To determine tone, a reader should look at word choice (diction) and sentence structure.
How are an adjective clause and an appositive phrase similar and different?
Both an adj. clause and an appositive phrase modify nouns and pronouns. However, an adjective clause is a dependent clause and uses a subject and verb. It starts with relative pronouns. An appositive is a phrase and just renames or labels the noun or pronoun.