First 5 Units
What are the major findings of the gold foil experiment?
Atom is mostly empty space with a small, dense positive nucleus
Describe a Decomposition Reaction
One reactant splits into two products
Under which conditions does a real gas behave most like an ideal gas?
High temperature, low pressure
Solutions at equilibrium are considered to be ________
Saturated
In terms of collision theory, why does increasing the temperature of a reaction increase the rate of reaction?
Particles move faster and collide more frequently with greater force.
What is a compound?
Two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions.
Calculate the GFM of Ca(NO3)2
164 g /mol
What is the relationship between pressure and temperature at constant volume?
Direct
What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?
Solute = substance that gets dissolved
Solvent = substance that does the dissolving
Which phase of matter has the most entropy?
gas
What are the four different types of nuclear reactions?
Natural transmutation, artificial transmutation, fission and fusion
Balance the following reaction:
__ Al + ____ O2 → ____ Al2O3
4 Al + 3 O2 → 2 Al2O3
According to Table H, what is the vapor pressure of ethanol at 50 ℃ ?
30 kPa
Under what conditions is a gas most soluble in water?
High pressure, low temperature
What is the activation energy?
The amount of energy needed to start a reaction
How do you identify if a molecule is polar or nonpolar?
S.N.A.P. = symmetrical nonpolar / asymmetrical polar
DAILY DOUBLE
How many moles are in 100 g of NaCl?
1.72 moles
A gas is kept in a 10.0 L container at a pressure of 150 kPa and a temperature of 300 K, what would be the volume of the gas at STP?
13.47 L
According to Table G, how much KNO3 will saturate 50g of water at 60 ℃?
53 g
How much energy would the creation of 1.0 mol of H2O (l) from its elements release?
-285.8 kJ
What groups on the periodic table contain the most reactive metal and nonmetal?
Group 1 and Group 17
A hydrated salt has a mass of 12.36 g, after heating a student measures a constant mass of 5.62 g. What is the percent composition of water in the hydrate?
54.53%
DAILY DOUBLE
What is the relationship between intermolecular forces and vapor pressure?
Indirect – higher vapor pressure = weaker IMFs
Which solution will have a higher boiling point? Why?
1.0 M Al(NO3)3
1.0 M Ca(NO3)2
1.0 M KNO3
1.0 M Al(NO3)3
Most ions = most concentrated
If the concentration of C8H18 is increased what direction will the reaction shift?
2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) → 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g)
Towards products (right)