Evolution
What was the modern day whale's earliest ancestor?
Packicetus
True or False: Traits can be passed from parents to offspring.
True
What are homologous structures?
Structures that have similar structures but serve different functions, suggesting a common ancestor.
Purple x Purple
This combination always produced purple offspring.
Receptor
a cell or group of cells that receives stimuli, a sense organ
What is evolution?
A change in inherited traits of a population over time (many generations).
What is a trait?
A distinguishing quality or characteristic.
What do embryos that look similar in the earliest stages suggest?
They suggest that the species share a common ancestor.
Stamen
Male parts of the flower. Made up of the anther, (pollen), and filament.
Pollination
when pollen (male part) travels to another part of the flower, stigma, (female part) so that the flower can make a seed and grow a new plant.
What do transitional fossils provide evidence of?
They show a transitional form of two different species, indicating evolution.
What is an inherited trait? Give an example.
An inherited trait is one that is passed to you from your parents through your DNA.
Example: eye or hair color
Describe an analogous structure and give an example.
Structures that have different structures and serve the same purpose.
Example: Penguin wing, shark fin, whale flipper
Pistil
Chromosome
A threadlike structure in your cells that is made up of DNA and holds all of your genetic information.
What strcture in the whale are vestigial? What makes it vestigial?
The pelvic bones-they were once the hind legs in the Pakicetus.
What is an acquired trait? Give an example.
An acquired trait is a characteristic that develops over time. It is not inherited.
Example: sun tan, large muscles
Provide an example of a homologous structure.
Human arm, cat forelimb, horse forelimb, whale flipper, batwing.
If fertilization occurs, what is created?
A seed. The seed is the offspring.
fertilization of a female gamete by a male gamete which results in an offspring that is genetically uniquely and not exactly like either parent.
What types of evidence do scientists use to determine how organisms are related?
Clues from fossils, embryo similarities, and DNA and blood proteins.
What does DNA stand for and what is its function?
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, and it serves as the "instructions" for building and maintaining an organism.
Which two organisms are more closely related, a bird and insect or a horse and zebra. Explain.
They are both mammals.
Their structures are more similar than the bird and insect.
Birds and insects can both fly and both have wings, but their structures are different.
How do plants reproduce?
Sexually, by the process of pollination.
Asexual Reproduction