Heredity and Traits
Genetic Variation
Natural Selection
Evidence for evolution
Changing Populations
100
A trait that only needs one allele to appear.
Dominant Trait
100
What is the term for a change in an organism's DNA?
Mutation
100
A population of what mice lives on snowy ground. Which trait helps them survive from predators?
White fur camouflage.
100
What is being compared in this photo?
Embryos
100
The differences in physical traits among individuals of a species are called this.
Variation
200
A tall pea plant is represented by "Tt". What does the lowercase "t" represent?
A recessive allele.
200
During meiosis, chromosomes exchange pieces. What is this process called?
Crossing Over
200
After a forest fire darkens the ground, dark-colored beetles become more common. What process caused this change?
Natural Selection
200
Fossils of ancient horses show that they once had more toes than modern horses. What does this suggest?
Horses changed over time.
200
For a trait to be an adaptation, it must be passed from parent to offspring. This is called
Inheritance
300
Two heterozygous dogs (Bb x Bb) are crossed. What percentage of puppies are expected to show the dominant trait?
75%
300
Which process creates more genetic variation: mitosis or meiosis?
Meiosis
300
This is the term that refers to the ability to survive and reproduce.
Fitness
300
What do these similar embryos suggest about different organisms?
They may share a common ancestor.
300
When humans choose traits they want for organisms to have. This is considered what type of evolution:
Artificial Selection
400
What tool do scientists use to predict inherited traits in offspring?
Punnett Squares
400
Why does sexual reproduction create more variation than cloning?
Because offspring inherit different combinations of genes from two parents.
400
In a drought, giraffes with longer necks can reach more food. What will likely happen over generations?
More giraffes will have longer necks.
400
Whales have hip bones, but do not walk. What type of structure would a hip bone be? (analogous, homologous, or vestigial)
Vestigial Structure
400
This type of selection is when mates choose a more attractive trait.
Sexual Selection
500
In guinea pigs, black fur (B) is dominant to white fur (b). What are the possible genotypes for a black guinea pig?
BB or Bb
500
Name TWO sources of genetic variation.
Crossing Over during Meiosis
Mutations
Sexual Reproduction
500
Why are organisms with helpful adaptations more likely to survive?
They are better suited to their environment.
500
All of these animals have flippers but they are made of different materials. This is an example of a: vestigial, analogous, or homologous structure.
Analagous
500
List ALL 4 requirements for natural selection.
Variation
Inheritance
Differential Survival
Adaptation.