Spirometry
How many acceptable and repeatable trials are needed to achieve an A grade spirometry?
3
What does VA stand for?
Alveolar volume
What law governs body plethysmography?
+100 points for the equation
Boyle's Law
P1V1 = P2V2
How many total lobes are there in both lungs?
5
Who is currently the Australian Prime Minister?
Anthony Albanese
Is FET typically longer in a restricted or obstructed patient?
Obstructed
What is the unit for DLCO?
mL/min/mmHg
How will TLC be affected in severe emphysema?
Increased above ULN
Emphysema is characterised by damage to which part of the lung specifically?
Alveoli
What is the deepest point in Earth's oceans?
+100 points which ocean is it located in
Mariana Trench
Located in the Western Pacific
Spirometers must have their volume measurements verified within an accuracy requirement of what?
+ 100 points for the acceptable range used when calibrating with a 3L syringe
3%
2.91-3.09
A low haemoglobin will affect a DLCO how?
FRC is calculated from which two lung volumes?
RV (residual volume) and ERV (expiratory reserve volume)
What type of inhaler is salbutamol, classed by its mechanism of action?
+100 points what part of the autonomic nervous system do these drugs target?
SABA - Short Acting Beta Agonist
Targets the sympathetic nervous system
What is the highest grossing movie ever?
Avatar
What is the acceptability criteria for back extrapolation
Below 0.1L or less than 5%, whichever comes last
What would a patient's DLCO appear as if they were experiencing a pulmonary haemorrhage?
Very, very high
What 2 lung capacities will be reduced from a submaximal IRV manoeuvre?
TLC and IC
An arterial blood pH of 7.2 indicates what?
What is the study of earthquakes called?
Seismology
What part of a flow volume curve would be affected by a goitre?
Inspiratory loop (variable extra-thoracic obstruction)
What is Muller's manoeuvre and its subsequent effect on the DLCO?
+ 100 points for describing its physiological changes
When the patient sucks against the block during the breath hold.
Creates a very negative intrathoracic pressure which will increase pulmonary capillary blood volume and potentially increase VA -> both falsely increase DLCO
What is an acceptable pant frequency for a patient with no/minimal obstruction?
1.0-1.5Hz
Obstruction - 0.5-1Hz. This discrepancy is to avoid the overestimation of FRC that comes with high frequency panting (as obstruction already may lead to increased FRC)
How does fibrosis affect the compliance of the lungs?
Decreases compliance (increases elastance)
Where was Minna born? (City, Country)
Auckland, New Zealand