Back
Name two ligaments in the vertebral column and the motions they restrict
ALL - extension
PLL - flexion
Ligamentum flava: flexion?
Supraspinous: flexion
Ligamentum Nuchae: flexion
Interspinous: flexion
Intertransverse: flexion and lateral flexion?
List the origin, insertion, action and innervation of the one of the biceps brachii muscles
Origin - supraglenoid tubercle or coracoid process
Insertion: radial tuberosity
Action: Shoulder and elbow flexion, supination
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5/C6)
What are the three segments of the UCL.
Anterior, posterior, transverse
Name atleast two of the three groups of intrinsic hand muscles. Also, name a muscle from each group you named
Thenar: Opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis
Hypothenar: Opponens digit minimi, flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi
Metacarpal: Palmar interossei, dorsal interossei, lumbricals
Name a group of muscles in the neck and the muscles it contains
im not writing this
Name an entire group of intrinsic back muscles and list the action of one muscle
I aint writing all that
Write down as many ligaments around the SC and AC joints as you can. If someone else can come up with more they will steal the points. You have 60 seconds
SC: interclavicular, ant/post sternoclavicular, costoclavicular
AC: Acromioclavicular, coracoacromial, coracoclavicular (conoid and trapezoid)
Name any muscle located in the forearm and its origin, insertion, action and innervation
yup
Name the carpal bones in order and differentiate when a new row begins
Proximal: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate
Name any anterior neck triangle, its borders and its contents
bruh moment
List atleast three of the four parts of any synovial joint and atleast three types of synovial joints
Parts: fibrous capsule, synovial membrane, joint cavity(fluid), articular cartilage
Types: Ball and socket, plane, hinge, conyloid, ellipsoid, pivot, saddle
Name atleast 3 of the 4 structures found inside the cubital fossa.
Median nerve
Brachial artery - splitting into radial and ulnar
Tendon of the biceps
Radial nerve
Name atleast three joints that could be considered inside the the forearm region
Proximal, middle or distal radioulnar joints
Humeroradial and humeroulnar joints
Write down the origin, insertion, action and innvervation of the lumbrical muscles. If another player provides more detail they will steal the points for this round.
Origin: FDP tendon
Insertion: DDE 2-5
Action: MCP flexion, DIP/PIP extension
Innervation: 1/2 median, 3/4 ulnar
Describe the path of the vertebral artery
Arises from the subclavian artery and travels upwards through the vertebral foramina. At C1/atlas, it makes a sharp turn where it travels under the suboccipital triangle and pierces the atlantoccipital membrane. It enters the vertebral foramen through the groove for vertebral artery and then travel upwards until both merge to form the basilar artery.
What is the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic back muscles. Also, name two of each
Intrinsic muscles are located in the back and act within it. Extrinsic muscles are located in the back but act on another area of the body.
Extrinsic: Delt, Lat, teres major, trap, rhomboids, levator scap
Intrinsic: muscle from superficial, intermediate or deep groups.
List the different parts of EITHER the trapezius or deltoid muscle and the actions of each.
Trapezius
Upper: head ext/lat flex, shoulder up rot, elevation, retraction
Middle:retraction (slight upward rotation)
Lower: Depression, retraction, upward rotation
Deltoid
Ant: int rot, flexion, add
Mid: Abd
Post: ext rot, add, ext
Describe the path and branches of the radial nerve.
Exits brachial plexus and innervates the triceps group. Innervates the radialis group before passing through the cubital fossa. Splits into radial superficial nerve and posterior interosseous before passing through the supinator.
Where do the arterial arches of the hand get their blood from. Discuss atleast two of three arches
Superficial palmar arch - Ulnar artery, and superficial radial branch
Deep palmar arch - radial artery, and deep ulnar branch
Dorsal carpal arch: ant/post interosseous
What are the borders and contents of the suboccipital triangle
Borders: obliquus capitis superior and inferior, rectus capitis posterior major.
Contents: suboccipital nerve and vertebral artery
How can you differentiate vertebrae in different levels (cervical, thoracic, lumbar). Provide atleast one example for each level.
Cervical: transverse foramen
Thoracic: Heart shaped bodies
Lumbar: largest bodies, mamillary processes
All: Orientation or articular facets
If the proximal axillary artery was damaged, name atleast two pathways of anastomotic circulation that could be used to supply blood to the brachial artery.
thyrocervical trunk into:
1: suprascapular - ant/post humeral circumflex - brachial
2: suprascapular- circumflex scap- subscapular - brachial
3: Transverse cervical - dorsal scap - thoracodorsal or circumflex scap - subscap - brachial
What are the symptoms of a claw hand and what causes it?
Slightly extended MCP and slightly flexed PIP/DIP. Distal ulnar nerve injury affecting lumbricals 1 and 2. FDP remains intact
Describe the TFCC anatomy and physiology in as much detail as you can. (this is complicated so I will decide if the answer is enough)
Anatomy: ulnocarpal disc, ulnocarpal meniscus homologue ligament, ulnar collateral ligament. Located between ulna and carpals (part or radiocarpal joint)
Physiology: Ulna too short to directly articulate with carpals so this takes up the space. Allows for more ulnar deviation and is useful in weight bearing.
List all of the cranial nerves and a detail about them (origin, foramen they exit through, function, motor/sensory/both etc)
not writing this