Quantitative Research Basics
This type of research is objective, numbers-driven, and often used to test causal relationships.
What is quantitative research?
A study that tests cause-and-effect, often by comparing groups
What is an experiment
Measures like mean, median, and mode fall under this type of statistics
What are descriptive statistics?
This concept makes sure a study measures the right thing
What is validity?
Asking participants if they agree to join a study
What is informed consent?
Quantitative research often begins with these clear statements that guide hypotheses and methods
What are research objectives?
Asking people questions to collect data
What is a survey?
Tests like t-test, ANOVA, and chi-square fall under this type of statistics
What are inferential statistics?
This concept means producing consistent results across time, observers, or items
What is reliability?
Protecting participants’ identities ensures this principle
What is confidentiality?
Using step-by-step logic to test ideas
What is deductive logic?
Giving clear definitions so variables can be measured
What are operational definitions?
The sport this class is focused on
What is Soccer?
Checking if test questions match each other well
What is interitem reliability?
A special group that approves studies for safety
What is the IRB (Institutional Review Board)?
This element of a proposal outlines theories, methods, sampling, analysis, and ethics
What is the research plan?
A method of picking participants so everyone has a fair chamce
What is probability sampling?
This type of analysis helps researches make predictions about relationships between variables
What is regression analysis?
Checking if test results stay the same over time
What is test–retest reliability?
When researches mislead participants a little but explain later
What is deception?
When a research plan is shared before collecting data, it helps make studies more fair --> Transparency and reduced bias
What is preregistration?
Putting people into groups by chance in an experiment
What are randomization and matching?
A number that shows how spread out the data is
What is standard deviation?
Checking if different people agree when measuring the same thing
What is interrater reliability?
Doing the same study again to see if results match
What is replication?