Scientists
What was the name of the experiment where the neutron and the emptiness of the atom were discovered? Who was scientific ion charge for the experiment?
The Gold foil experiment by Rutherford
What is the Bohr model?
The model where electrons are in fixed orbits around the nucleus.
What are the possible values for ml when n=3?
The possible values for the magnetic quantum number ml when n = 3 are -2, -1, 0, +1, and +2.
These orbitals are spherical in shape and are the simplest type of atomic orbitals.
s orbitals type
How does noble gas notation work?
This method simplifies the representation of an element's electron configuration by using the symbol for the nearest preceding noble gas.
Who named the atom?
Democritus
What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
According to this principle, it is impossible to simultaneously know an electron's precise position and momentum.
What quantum number defines the shape of an electron's orbital? what is it sign?
The azimuthal quantum number, l
The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 4d orbitals
10
The electron configuration notation for this element is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
aluminium
What does The Law of Definite Proportions say?
mass ratios of elements in a compound are always the same, therefore individual atoms of each element are all alike
What is the Schrödinger equation?
The probability distribution of an electron's position is determined by this fundamental equation
What is maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in an energy level with n=2
8
This rule explains why electrons fill lower energy orbitals before higher energy orbitals
Aufbau Principle
This principle states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers
Pauli exclusion principle
who introduced the idea that electrons orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levels, or "shells," rather than continuously?
Bohr
What are atomic orbitals?
The regions of space around the nucleus that have the highest probability of containing an electron.
This quantum number, denoted by ms, defines the intrinsic angular momentum of the electron
The spin quantum number
This principle describes the distribution of electrons in orbitals of the same subshell, where each orbital gets one electron before any get a second
Hund's Rule
The electron configuration for this element is [Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵
chromium
He proposed that particles might behave like waves if light had the ability to behave like both a wave and a particle. Later, investigations demonstrating electron diffraction supported the wave-particle duality of matter and validated this theory.
Explain the significance of wave-particle duality in the context of the quantum mechanical model of the atom
The quantum mechanical model of the atom emphasizes the inadequacy of classical physics in describing atomic behavior and requires the use of wave functions to accurately predict particle behavior.
What is the maximum numbers of electrons that can be associated with the following set of quantum numbers?n = 3, l = 1 and m = -1.
a)2 b)10 c)6 d)4
A
For a carbon atom, the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the second energy level (n=2) can be calculated using the formula 2n2. Calculate this number and list the types of orbitals present in this energy level for carbon.
For n=2n = 2n=2, the maximum number of electrons is calculated as 2n2: 2n2=2(2)2=2×4=8
find the electron configuration for the element with atomic number 33 and named
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³ (Arsenic)