Famous
Scientists
Scientists
Discovered the electrons and believed they were in a positive sphere.
Thomson
The quantum mechanical model is based on this type of mathematical function that predicts the probability of finding an electron in a certain area.
A wave function
This quantum number indicates the energy level or size of an orbital.
Principal quantum number (n)
These orbitals are spherical in shape and closest to the nucleus.
S orbitals
The maximum number of electrons that the s subshell can hold.
2
Conducted the Gold Foil experiment, shooting alpha particles at a thin gold foil.
Rutherford
Unlike Bohr’s model, the quantum mechanical model introduces this concept for the location of electrons.
An orbital
This quantum number describes the shape of an orbital.
Angular momentum quantum number (l)
These orbitals have a dumbbell shape and exist in three orientations.
P orbitals
The electron configuration for carbon.
1s2 2s2 2p2
Stated Heisenberg’s Uncertainty principle, that due to waves nature of matter, the position and momentum of an electron cannot be certainly predicted.
Schrodinger
This principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.
The Pauli exclusion principle
This quantum number specifies the orientation of an orbital in space.
Magnetic quantum number (ml)
This type of orbital appears in the third energy level and can hold a maximum of 10 electrons.
D orbitals
Identify the element with the configuration [Ne] 3s² 3p¹.
Aluminum (Al)
Stated the law of definite proportions and the Law of multiple proportions
Dalton
Quantum mechanics describes electrons as existing in these regions, which are defined by probability.
Electron Clouds
The quantum number that indicates the direction of the electron’s spin.
Spin quantum number (ms)
The total number of orbitals in a p sublevel.
3
This rule states that electrons fill lower energy orbitals before higher ones.
The Aufbau principle
He proposed the idea that particles, like electrons, have wave-like properties
Louis de Broglie
What was a new idea produced from the quantum model?
Electrons act like particles and waves, the location of an electron is given by a probability distribution.
For n = 2, how many total orbitals are possible?
22 = 4 orbitals
The first energy level in which f orbitals are found.
The 4th energy level
The rule that states that electrons occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing.
Hund’s rule