Questions 1-5
#1 list the three main eras fourteenth-century historians divided history into.
The Classical age
The Middle Ages
The Renaissance
#6 What factors led to the collapse of the Roman Empire?
Trouble protecting the borders.
Internal trouble
Economic conditions
Roman army filled with foreigners
#11 How did Constantine shape the future of the empire and the Christian faith when he moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople?
The empire was divided into two.
Two versions of Christianity developed.
#16 When the Roman and Germanic languages blended, they evolved to create Italian, French, Spanish, and Romanian. Why are these languages called Romance languages?
Because they are based on the Roman language, Latin.
Why is Justinian’s code significant?
Unified Roman law into a summary of legal principles.
#2 How did the people of the Middle Ages view history?
As a continuous procession of events from biblical creation to their own time.
#7 Who excommunicated the Roman emperor Theodosius for ordering the massacre of the Thessalonians?
Ambrose of Milian
#12. Explain how the Germanic tribes were different from the Romans.
Preferred rural areas and hunting.
Tribes were organized loosely around kings and family groups.
They were illiterate.
They smelled bad.
#17 What were Cathedrals and why were they important in the Middle Ages?
Churches
Center for both worship and civic administration
How did Charlemagne promote education in his kingdom?
Started schools in cathedrals to educate the clergy.
#3 Where did the word “Europe” come from?
It comes from the ancient geographers of classical Greece and Rome.
#8 Why did Roman authorities fear that Christianity could be politically dangerous?
That the growing popularity among the poor, slaves, and soldiers could lead to an uprising.
#13. What three cultures shaped Europe in the Middle Ages?
Roman
Christian
Barbarian
#18 Why is the Pope significant to Roman tradition of Christianity?
Considered to be Peter’s successor as the head of the Church.
What did the Treaty of Verdun accomplish?
Divided Charlemagne’s empire into three parts
#4 Why were the waterways in Europe important?
Provided boundaries
Used as transportation
#9 Who is Constantine and why is he important to the early Church?
Roman emperor that converted to Christianity.
He LEGALIZED Christianity, which ended the persecution of Christians.
#14 Who helped convert Clovis, the king of the Franks, to Christianity?
Clotilda
#19 Who stopped the aggressive Islamic invasion of France in 732?
Charles Martel
Who is the founder of the monotheistic religion known as Islam? Where was this religion founded?
Muhammad
Arabian Peninsula
#5 How did medieval scholars group people and how did ordinary people identify themselves?
By religion – Christians, Jews, and Muslims
Through the names of their fathers or mothers.
#10 Explain the Arian heresy and how it was corrected by the early Church.
The Arian heresy taught that Jesus was human.
Corrected at the Council of Nicaea in 325 B.C.
#15 Why is King Clovis significant to the Franks?
Unified the Franks
Established the Merovingian dynasty
#20 By the 7th century, separate kingdoms were emerging. Identify which people lived in the places below.
Anglo-Saxons – England
Franks – France
Visigoths – Spain
Lombards – Northern Italy
Explain the difference between the Sunnis and Shiites in Islam.
Shiites believed only Muhammad’s descendants could rule.
Sunnis accepted another line of rulers.