Mitosis/Meiosis
Surprise
Mendelian Genetics
From DNA to Proteins
100
Marine sponges contain an enzyme that prevents the separation of chromatids during mitosis. Which stage of the cell cycle would be directly prevented by this enzyme?
- Interphase
- Prophase
- Anaphase
- Cytokinesis
- Anaphase
100
Genes located on homologous chromosomes may have alternate forms that control different forms of a trait. These alternate forms of a gene are called ________.
- Alleles
- Centromeres
- Phenotypes
- Gametes
Alleles
100
An organism’s physical appearance is its
- Genotype
- Phenotype
- Codominance type
- Heterotype
- Phenotype
100
Marine sponges contain an enzyme that prevents the separation of chromatids during mitosis. Which stage of the cell cycle would be directly prevented by this enzyme?
- Interphase
- Prophase
- Anaphase
- Cytokinesis
- Anaphase
200
Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
- daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
- replication of cellular genetic material
- two stages of cell division
- four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
200
- At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?
A. before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
B. before a cell divides, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
C. during cell division, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
D. after a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions.
A. before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
200
In the case of codominant alleles, a cow that is homozygous for red fur color that is crossed with a cow that is homozygous for white color will produce cows that are
- red all over.
- pink all over.
- red and white spotted.
- white all over.
- red and white spotted.
200
The diagram below represents the cellular processes of transcription and translation. What word BEST replaces X in the last box?
DNA ------------> RNA ------------> X
Replication
Protein
Glucose
Molecule
Protein
300
- Penny is studying the different phases that make up the Division (M) Phase of the Cell Cycle. In what order should Penny place the cards to show mitosis and cytokinesis from start to finish?
- 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5
- 2 , 4 , 5 , 1 , 3
- 3 , 1 , 5 , 2 , 4
- 4 , 2 , 1 , 5 , 3
- 2 , 4 , 5 , 1 , 3
300
- In which organism would you find cell division being completed by cytokinesis, a process in which a new cell plate forms between two daughter nuclei?
Animal
Plant
Bacteria
Protist
plant
300
A man carrying the allele for Huntington’s disease, a dominant disease that causes nerve cells to break down, marries a woman who is homozygous recessive for the allele. What is the probability that their offspring will develop Huntington’s disease?
- 25%
- 50%
- 75%
- 100%
- 50%
300
A DNA template strand is provided below. What will be the resulting complementary new strand formed during DNA replication?Template strand of DNA:
T---A---C---C---G---T---A---G---G
T---A---C---C---G---T---A---G---G
A---T---C---C---G---A---T---C---C
A---T---G---G---C---A---T---C---C
A---U---G---G---C---T---U---C---C
A---T---G---G---C---A---T---C---C
400
- Which phrase best describes the process of crossing over?
- Pairs of homologous chromosomes exchange segments.
- Pairs of sister chromatids exchange segments.
- Pairs of homologous chromosomes become linked.
- Pairs of sister chromatids become linked.
- Pairs of homologous chromosomes exchange segments.
400
- Which of the following is a difference between mitosis and meiosis?
In meiosis four daughter cells are produced, whereas in mitosis two daughter cells are produced.
Cells produced by mitosis are diploid; cells produced by meiosis are haploid.
In mitosis cytokinesis occurs only once, whereas in meiosis cytokinesis occurs twice.
All of the above choices are correct.
All of the above choices are correct.
400
A homozygous dominant red flower is crossed with a homozygous recessive white flower. What percentage of the offspring will be white flowers?
- 100%
- 50%
- 25%
- 0%
0%
400
Transcription and Translation of a gene composed of 30 nucleotides would form a protein containing no more than _____ amino acids.
10
15
30
60
10
500
Chemotherapy, or the use of chemical agents to destroy cancer cells, is a mainstay in the treatment of malignant tumors. Most chemotherapy agents kill cancer cells by affecting the S-phase of the cell cycle. Which of the following best explains why the S-phase is targeted by the chemotherapy agents?
- Because the cell grows and is most active during the S-phase.
- Because the cell divides and creates new cells during the S-phase.
- Because the cell duplicates its DNA for its daughter cells during the S-phase.
- Because the S-phase lasts the longest amount of time of all the cell cycle phases.
- Because the cell duplicates its DNA for its daughter cells during the S-phase.
500
Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
- the placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
- the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
- the movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
- the release of messenger RNA from DNA
- the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
500
The gene for brown eyes (B) is dominant over the gene for blue eyes (b). Two brown-eyed people have a blue-eyed child. Which genotypes make this possible?
- The mother and father are both homozygous brown-eyed (BB).
- The mother is homozygous brown-eyed (BB) and the father is heterozygous brown-eyed (Bb).
- The mother is heterozygous brown-eyed (Bb), and the father is homozygous brown-eyed (BB).
- The mother and father are both heterozygous brown-eyed (Bb).
- The mother and father are both heterozygous brown-eyed (Bb).
500
Mutations are categorized by how the nucleotide sequence is changed. Insertions and deletions are called frameshift mutations. What is the relationship between the location of a frameshift mutation in a gene and its impact on the protein produced?
- A frameshift mutation at any location affects the protein produced equally.
- Frameshift mutations near the end of a gene have the greatest effect on the protein produced.
- Frameshift mutations near the middle of the gene have the greatest effect on the protein produced.
- Frameshift mutations near the beginning of the gene have the greatest effect on the protein produced.
- Frameshift mutations near the beginning of the gene have the greatest effect on the protein produced.