Teratogen Basics
What is a teratogen
An agent that causes birth defects by altering typical development
What is the triad of symptoms for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
1) Growth deficiencies (pre/postnatal), 2) Dysmorphic facial features, 3) Central nervous system dysfunction.
Name two types of teratogens
Recreational drugs (e.g., cocaine, nicotine, alcohol) and environmental contaminants (e.g., lead, mercury
How common is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?
1 per 1,000 live births.
True or False? All teratogen exposure results in birth defects.
False. The effects depend on genetic predispositions, environment, and other risk or protective factors.
What is one long-term cognitive or behavioral effect of prenatal alcohol exposure?
Cognitive impairments, emotional dysregulation, or behavioral issues like hyperactivity and inattention.
Name a behavioral teratogen and describe its effects.
Alcohol—can cause cognitive impairments, behavioral regulation issues, and emotional difficulties.
What are two common psychiatric disorders associated with prenatal alcohol exposure?
Mood disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety) and externalizing disorders (e.g., ADHD, conduct disorder).
What factors can moderate the impact of teratogen exposure?
Genetics, socioeconomic status, intelligence level, and environmental factors like family stability.
What are two mental health issues linked to prenatal nicotine exposure?
ADHD and antisocial behavior.