Arteries/ Veins
Nerves/ Muscles
Gingiva
Perio
Oral Hygiene
100

What blood vessel is known as the “back haul system” to remove carbon dioxide and waste products?

Veins

100

What are the two types of nerves?

1. Sensory

2. Motor

100

What is gingivitis?

Inflammation of the gingiva (gums) and is the most common type of gingival disease.

100

Define: Periodontitis

Inflammatory bacterial disease that results from destruction of bone and supporting tissue of the teeth.

  • progressive
  • non painful
  • pocket formation
  • recession
  • leading reason for tooth lose
  • NON reversible
100

How many stages of plaque/biofilm formation? What is the 3rd one?

3

3. Plaque/ Biofilm Formation

200

What artery supplies blood to the brain?

Internal Carotid Artery 

200

What do sensory nerves do?

Gather information (heat, taste, and sensation/pain)

200

What are the three types of gingivitis?

1. Localized (generalized)

2. Marginal (free gingival margin)

3. Papillary (interdental papilla)


200

Periodontitis local factors

Dental biofilm (plaque)

200

Define: Calculus 

  • Mineralization can begin within 24-72 hours.
  • matures at 10-20 days
300

Which artery supplies blood to the face and jaws?

External Carotid Artery

300

What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Consists of the spinal and cranial nerves (Automated Nervous System)

300

What is the surface texture of gingiva before and after gingivitis?

Smooth and shiny 

inflammation exudative gingivitis 

300

Periodontitis contributing factors

1. Systemic disease (diabetes)

2. Stress

3. Occlusal trauma

4. Tobacco smoking

5. Nutritional problems



6. Inflammation of supporting tooth structure

300

Classification of calculus

-heaviest calculus accumulates

closest to salivary gland ducts (linguals of mandibular anterior

incisors(sublingual/submandibular

ducts), buccal of maxillary

molars(parotid ducts))

400

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

1. Lingual 

2. Facial 

3. Maxillary 

400

What do motor nerves do?

Send information to “tell” muscles when and how to move.

400

What are the signs of Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG) signs?

  1. Interproximal cratering- necrosis
  2. Gray pseudo membrane
  3. Spontaneous bleeding
  4. Sharp demarcation between necrotic areas and normal tissue
400

Define: Periodontal Pocket 

Bone loss has occurred and confirmed by

  1. calibrated probe
  2. periapical/ bitewing radiograph
400

Define: Subgingival Calculus

  • Located below the
  • gingival margin
  • darker than

supragingival calculus

  • brown, green, black
  • difficult to remove
500

Where is the lingual of the external carotid artery located? What does it supply blood to?

location: floor of mouth close to mandibular third molars 
blood supply to:

1. Lingual Gingival (Mandible)

2. Sublingual Salivary Glands

3. Tongue 

4 Floor of the mouth  


500

What are some caries protective factors when it comes to combining foods? (Not nerve related)

  1. Fats and proteins eaten in the meal can lay a protective fatty coating, protecting from sugars eaten later
  2. consuming dairy keeps saliva rich in calcium and phosphorus (remineralization)
500

Predisposing local factors of gingivitis

-make gingivitis more likely to occur 1. tobacco smoking 2. calculus 3. local trauma 4. mouth breathing 5. poor oral hygiene 6. crowding of teeth

500

Cause of periodontal abscess 

  1. Bacterial infection from pre existing periodontal lesion
  2. Foreign body impacting (seeds, popcorn, calculus)
500

Principles of learning when it comes to Oral Hygiene

  1. Individual differences must be considered if effective learning is to take place
  2. motivation is essential
  3. an individual learns what is actually used
  4. learning takes place when individual has feeling of satisfaction
  5. evaluate/ assess results of what is taking place. Reinforce learned skills
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