Plants are diverse
An organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals AKA a producer
autotroph
What is the source of energy for the chemical reactions that take place during photosynthesis?
sunlight
which becomes chemical energy in the form of glucose, fructose, cellulose, etc.
Do most land plants have a symbiotic relationship with fungi?
Yes it is about 80% of land plants.
What is the name of the green pigment that plants utilize to capture light energy during photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
Name two ways moss are different than ferns.
-moss are non-vascular
-ferns are vascular
-moss reproduce with water
-ferns reproduce with spores
In which cell organelle does photosynthesis occur?
chloroplast
What is the name of the experiment or experimenter in which mutualistic and symbiotic tree interactions were studied?
Dr. Simard
Mother Tree Project
How does light interact with pigments in general?
Light is absorbed in pigments except the color it reflects.
Ex. Planbook absorbs all colors of visible light except red.
What are the vessels in vascular plants called?
What do the transport?
Xylem- transports water mainly from the roots
Phloem- transports sugars mainly from the leaves
How is gas exchanged in the photosynthesis reaction?
carbon dioxide (CO2) is the reactant
oxygen (O2) is the product
They can share glucose and other nutrients to neighboring tree through their mycorrhizal networks underground.
Which have more energy? Waves with shorter wavelengths or waves with longer wavelengths?
Waves with short wavelengths like gamma rays which can make them more dangerous to humans
Describe how land dwelling plants evolved to their present form.
-Started with an algae-like organism
-It gained adaptations which allowed an ozone layer to form
-This eventually gave rise to moss, ferns, gymnosperms, and lastly angiosperms
-The agricultural revolution helped to create most of modern vegetation
In what photosynthetic product is energy stored?
glucose or whichever sugar is being produced by the plant
How does a fungus benefit from a symbiotic relationship with a tree?
The fungus is able to consume the sugars produced through the tree's photosynthetic processes.
Name the pigment and coloration of at least one other pigment beside chlorophyll found in plants.
Carotenoid- orange
Anthocyanin- red/ purple
Flavonoid- yellow/orange
What is the difference between the reproduction processes of a fern, gymnosperm, and angiosperm?
gymnosperm- seeds usually in cone-like structures
angiosperm- seeds in fruits that emerge from flowers
Write and balance the chemical formula for Photosynthesis.
6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Describe the experimental design (independent/dependent variables and control group) of the experiment we discussed in class surrounding symbiotic relationships.
Independent Variable- carbon isotopes
Dependent Variable- transfer of the carbon isotopes
Control Group- a type of tree not in the mycorrhizal network
What might happen if a plant were only exposed to green visible light and only had chlorophyll pigment of the same color?
decreased photosynthetic activity because this color would not be absorbed to be used in the reaction and instead would be reflected