Assessments
When completing a skills assessment should you operationally define correct responses first, OR should you first identify the starting point?
Identify a starting point by assessing pre-requisite skills and the learner's initial skills in the curriculum
What does pyramidal training refer to?
A qualified trainer (usually a BCBA/BCaBA) training higher level staff in the program and ensuring they know how to train others, then those staff going on to train direct care teams on the program.
List 3 ways we can monitor treatment fidelity
direct verbal feedback, written feedback, contingent meeting cancellation, directed rehearsal, scheduled practice, self-evaluation, self-monitoring
List 3 of the 6 principles of the TEACCH model
1. promote adaptation to the environment
2. formal and informal evaluations to develop individual's IEPs
3. CBT is given priority as an intervention strategy
4. enhance skills and accept deficits in children and their parents
5. use visual cues
6. holistic orientation promoting multidisciplinary training and use of consultants - reciprocal sharing of information between parents and professionals!
What are some possible barriers to continued good service delivery as people age with disabilities
* race
* lower socio-economic status
True or False: During initial baseline assessments you should provide corrective feedback to incorrect responses
False. Initial baseline measures should never include feedback so that you don't accidentally teach skills during assessment.
BST stands for
Behavioural Skills Training
List some of the AKAs for treatment integrity
treatment integrity
treatment fidelity
procedural fidelity
implementation integrity
procedural reliability
What does LEAP stand for?
Learning
Experiences
an Alternative
Program for preschoolers
What does the term "counterfeit deviance" refer to?
it is a term used to describe those whose behaviour can be explained through experiential, environmental or medical factors rather than pedophilia
How do you assess and identify performance or skill deficit areas?
Mix mastered and target skill trials and provide reinforcement as appropriate for correct responses.
What is the difference between a competency based training and a performance based training?
performance based trainings ensure that the learner actually perform the target skill during training,
competency based trainings ensure the learner is able to perform the behaviour to a level of mastery before they are considered trained
Why is it important to monitor treatment integrity?
without knowing how closely our programs are being followed we can't make accurate interpretations of the data or recommendation for next steps in program failure
True or False. In the study done on the social validity of performance feedback methods, respondents reported that direct feedback was both effective and acceptable.
True
List two characteristics of a "Good" workshop.
1. people are treated with dignity and respect
2. try to find work that is interesting and challenging
3. try to pay people as much as possible
4. continue to look for ways to improve the work environment
5. strive to enable people with disabilities to move out of the workshop setting
6. involved in developing new and better ways of supporting people in the community
True or False. Outcome measures include results on specific measures of behaviour only (i.e. data results, standardized assessment improvements)
False. Outcome measures can include both specific measurement of behaviour through data or assessment results as well as broader measurements like socially meaningful change
List some necessary elements to use peers as models
the peer must be socially competent, willing to comply with the training program and able to teach appropriate behaviours
True or False. A bonus of using peers as mediators is that you don't have to assess for generalization of the skills
True. because the training already takes place in the natural environment.
False. Though there are elements of behavioural approaches (errorless learning, observation and assessment, shaping behaviour) it's mostly considered a cognitive-developmental approach.
List 5 of the 10 criticisms we talked about in class and were listed in your readings.
Work is too simple and repetitive
2. People receive very little in terms of a wage
3. Little choice about who they work with or what they do
4. Low expectations due to segregated and disabled population
5. People are less likely to learn when there are low expectations
6. Less opportunity for natural models in segregated environment
7. No generalization to community workplaces –you learn the skills to work in sheltered workplaces
8. Don’t result in people getting jobs
9. Stigmatizes the participants as people who can’t or shouldn’t be in the community
10. Make it more likely that people will be treated poorly in our society
Name some of the criteria that should be met in order to ensure that tests, scales and checklists are valid outcome measurements.
1. The person who administered it must be trained and competent in the assessment
2. A standardized procedure is used when administering the instrument
3. the instrument has good psychometric properties (i.e. good reliability and validity)
List, in order the 6 steps to conducting BST
1. Describe the target skill
2. Provide a succinct, written description of the skill
3. Demonstrate the target skill
4. Require trainee practice of the target skill
5. Provide feedback during practice
6. Repeat step 4 and 5 until mastery
Explain contingent meeting cancellation and when you would cancel a meeting
Contingent meeting cancellation is a type of procedural integrity monitoring/maintenance. It is when a performance feedback session is cancelled based on observation of correct implementation of procedures.
List 3 of the 6 objectives of RDI
1. emotional referencing
2. social coordination
3. declarative language
4. flexible thinking
5. relational information processing
6. foresight and hindsight
True or False. People with disabilities cannot benefit from sexual counselling or treatment.
False. A growing body of literature says that they can benefit from treatment directed at sexual abuse counselling or teaching appropriate socio-sexual behaviour to replace inappropriate behaviour