Intellectual Property
What is the general definition of Intellectual Property (IP)?
Creations of the mind, like ideas, inventions, stories, songs.
What is plagiarism?
Using someone else’s work without credit.
What is a bibliography?
A list of sources used in research.
What is abstraction in computing?
Hiding complex details so users see simpler results.
What are binary signals and what two values do they represent?
Binary signals are 1s and 0s representing on/off electrical states.
Which type of IP protects books, music, and art?
Copyright.
Name one clear action a student can take to avoid plagiarizing when using a direct quote.
Use quotation marks and cite the source.
Which citation style is commonly used in computer science and IT and numbers citations in the order they appear?
IEEE style.
Give one everyday example of abstraction (not the smartwatch example).
Example: A car dashboard shows speed without revealing how the speed sensor works.
What are Logic Gates?
The component in a computer that processes binary signals.
Which type of IP would protect a new smartphone design or an innovative chemical process?
Patent.
When paraphrasing, what must you still do to use someone else's idea correctly?
You must still cite the original source even after paraphrasing.
In Microsoft Word, where do you go to insert a citation and add a new source?
References tab → Insert Citation → Add New Source.
Name the three layers of computing systems listed in the objectives and give a short purpose for each.
Hardware System (physical parts), Operating System Software (manages hardware), Application Software (user-facing programs).
Describe the flow: sensors collect data → ___ → app displays simple results. Fill the blank with the correct layer and briefly explain its job.
Operating System Software — it manages hardware data, ensures accuracy, and passes processed data to apps.
What does a trademark protect? Give two examples.
Trademarks protect brand identifiers such as logos and slogans.
Describe the basic steps to generate a bibliography in Microsoft Word after adding sources.
After adding sources, use the Bibliography button in the References tab to generate the list; ensure citation numbers/order match in-text citations.
What is the Operating System Software?
The layer of a computing system (e.g., Windows, Android) that manages the hardware.
Why is abstraction useful for regular users of technology?
It lets them use devices without needing to understand the complex details
Explain why patents have time limits and why that matters for innovation and society.
To balance rewarding inventors and allowing public access; this encourages innovation while eventually enabling broader competition and use.
A student copies a paragraph from a government website, changes a few words, and does not cite it. Explain why this is plagiarism and describe the correct way to use that information in a report.
Changing a few words is still plagiarism; proper use requires paraphrasing in your own words and citing the source, or quoting and citing.
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using a numbered citation style (like IEEE) compared to an author‑date style (like APA).
Advantage of numbered (IEEE): concise in-text citations good for technical writing; Disadvantage: harder to see author/year at a glance versus author-date styles.
What is Application Software?
The layer of a computing system that users interact with directly, like a fitness app.
Put these in order: App displays steps, Sensor detects movement, OS manages data
Sensor detects movement → OS manages data → App displays steps