Medication Mathematics
A 150-pound patient is to receive 0.3 mg/kg of a medication. The medication comes in a concentration of 10 mg/mL. How many mL of the drug must you administer?
20 mL
A physician gives you an order to establish IO access. This means you will....
place a hollow needle into the medullary cavity of a bone allowing for medication to be administered through the bone marrow
how many fingers below the patella is the tibial tuberoscity?
2-3 fingers
define absorption
the process in which a medication moves from its site of administration into the blood stream
the sublingual route of medication administration is considered what route?
parenteral
You have received an order to administer epinephrine 1:1,000 to a child having an anaphylactic reaction. The child weighs 44 pounds. How much epinephrine should you administer?
.2 mg
The order "0.4 mg NTG SL q5min x3 doses PRN" means you should?
Administer 0.4 mg of nitroglycerin sublingually at a rate of every 5 minutes up to a max of 3 doses as needed.
toward the heart
which form of medication packaging contains a cylindrical unit with a needle attached and mechanism with which to push out the liquid medication that comes inside it
prefilled syringe
percutaneous routes of drug administration include
IV (intraveneous)
A patient is to receive 0.5g of 50% dextrose/kg of body weight. The patient weighs 110 pounds. The concentration of 50% dextrose is 50g/100 mL. How many mL of medication will you give?
50 mL
Intravenous infiltration of dextrose 50% can cause
necrosis of the surrounding tissue
Daily Double: how many needles are required for the FAST IO insertion?
humeral head, proximal tibia, distal tibia (NO), sternal
Daily Double: 9
what is the concept of affinity of a drug?
a measure of the strength of attraction between a drug and receptor sites
an acceptable route of administration of epinephrine 1:1,000 when given by the AEMT
Daily Double: what route of administration should you NEVER give epinephrine 1:1,000 using?
IM; Daily Double: IV/IO
You are to administer 0.3 mg of epinephrine 1:1,000 via IM injection. You have available an ampule of medication in a concentration of 1 mg/mL. How many mL of the drug should you inject?
0.3 mL
What does aseptic mean in reference to administering drugs?
techniques of preparing and administering medications that minimize the patient's risk of infection
when locating the humeral head, how many centimeters above the "drop off" should you place the IO needle?
2 cm
A drug that binds to a receptor and prevents another substance from having an action on the cell is called a
antagonist
when the advanced EMT is unable to administer naloxone via IV, an alternative may be.....
IN (intranasal)
You have received an order to administer Lactated Ringers solution at a rate of 120 mL/hour. You have started an IV infusion using 15 gtts/mL What is the drip rate needed to deliver the fluid as needed?
31 gtts/min
How should you draw up a medication from an ampule?
hold the ampule upright and tap the top prior to breaking off the top; use a filter needle to avoid getting any shards of glass in the syringe
when selecting an appropriate vein for venipuncture, it is wise to start ____ and work ____; however, in certain circumstances, it may be most appropriate to begin in the _____ area.
low, high; A/C
conditions, signs or symptoms that are important to consider in a patient's situation BUT are absent. What are these called?
pertinent negatives
the route of medication administration that specifically requires puncturing the skin with a needle
percutaneous