Outer Ear
What is microtia?
small, malformed outer ear
How long does it typically take for tympanic membrane perforations to resolve on their own?
about 3 months
85-96% of all children will have at least 1 episode of otitis media by 1 year. T/F
True
What does (S)TORCH stand for?
Syphilis
Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes
What is barotrauma?
trauma to the tympanic membrane caused by water, air pressure, or blasts
What is anotia?
failure of outer ear to develop
Describe glue ear.
Gooey discharge that develops if fluid is present in middle ear for a long time
Otitis media can be categorized based on its timeline. What are the 4 categories?
1. acute OM
2. chronic OM
3. sub-acute OM
4. recurrent OM
What type of hearing loss is typically seen in children with congenital syphilis?
sensorineural hearing loss
bilateral
symmetrical
What does a cholesteatoma look like?
a shiny pearl
False
This condition causes calcification or scarring on the tympanic membrane.
Tympanosclerosis
Otitis media can be classified based on the type of fluid present. Name the 4 categories.
1. serous or secretory
2. supperative, bacterial, or purulent
3. mucoid
4. blood or hemotympanum
How might someone acquire toxoplasmosis? (3 possible ways)
1. touching or coming into contact with infected cat feces
2. eating raw or undercooked meat that is infected
3. eating uncooked, unwashed fruits or vegetables that have been contaminated by manure
Exostoses, bone growth in the bony portion of the ear canal, is speculated to be the body's response to _________ __________.
cold temperatures
What are 2 examples of ear trauma?
1. cauliflower ear
2. accidents (in general)
3. gauging accidents
4. infections
This is a fungal infection that affects the ears. The patient may have pain, itchiness, redness, and/or swelling.
otomycosis
The amount of transient hearing loss from otitis media is related to the volume of effusion. T/F
True - higher volume of effusion is connected to greater transient hearing loss.
What does CMV stand for?
cytomegalovirus
What is the hallmark symptom of a glomus tumor?
pulsatile tinnitus - patient is hearing their own heart beat
In cases of cauliflower ear, what might happen if the fluid is not drained?
The tissue of the pinna will scar.
What does a grade 5 mean on the modified Teed classification of middle ear barotrauma?
tympanic membrane perforation
What affect does otitis media in a young child have on receptive and expressive language?
None! There are no significant findings between OME and language abilities later on.
Why is screening for CMV at birth important? Think about how it relates to hearing loss.
If we know an infant has CMV we can monitor their hearing status with more frequent hearing screenings.
Median age of onset of hearing loss is 33-44 months.
When a cholesteatoma is identified, it is always removed by surgery. T/F
True