importance of plants
6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
genus and species
where to you find apical meristem tissues?
tips of roots and terminal & axillary buds
Thin primary cell wall, strong but flexible, live, and major Component of most Plant Tissue
Parenchyma Cells
who banned/outlawed indigo from England ?
Queen Elizabeth (1558-1603)
Where does the plant obtain carbon from?
CO2 in the atmosphere
who was the founder of the classification system
carl linnaeus
name the tissues that come from the ground meristem, protoderm, and procambium respectively
cortex & pith
epidermis
xylem & phloem
used to form thick, hard coverings
sclereids
Protects apical meristem, produces mucigel to facilitate passage through soil, and mucigel provides medium for soil bacteria that increase P availability via exoenzymes
root cap functions
where does photosynthesis occur?
chloroplasts
Organize from most evolutionarily primitive to most advanced:
Ferns & Horsetails – Angiosperms – Gymnosperms – bryophytes
1. bryophytes
2. ferns and horsetails
3. gymnosperms
4. angiosperms
what do the xylem and phloem transport, respectively
xylem - water
phloem - sugar
What contains sugars and starches and is used to store energy?
Leucoplasts
What is the job of root hairs?
Increase area of soil accessible for water & mineral uptake
where does cellular respiration occur?
mitochondria
What produce seeds that are not protected within an ovary
Gymnosperms
The primary cell wall is made of ( cellulose / pectin ) and is ( flexible / rigid). The secondary cell wall is made of ( cellulose / lignin ) and acts as ( rigid support / glue ). The middle lamella is made of ( lignin / pectin ) which is ( flexible / acts as glue ).
cellulose, flexible, lignin, rigid support, pectin, glue
Contain H2O, water soluble pigments and toxins, and facilitates cell elongation
Vacuole
what is the rhizosphere?
soil directly influenced by root secretions and associated microbiota (root microbiome)
how many ATP does cellular respiration produce?
36 ATP
name as many differences between monocots and dicots
dicots: multiples of four or five (Flower parts), attached at petiole, net veined leaves, tap root, two cotyledons, vascular system in a ring, stomata on the underside of leaf
monocots: Multiples of three (flower parts), parallel veined leaves, attached at sheath, net root, one cotyledon, three pores in pollen, vascular system disperses throughout, stomata on both sides
what is pectin used for?
Solidifying jams/jellies
-Thickened primary cell wall, live, Provide Mechanical Support, and Concentrated in Areas Needing Extra Support
Collenchyma Cells
why is crop rotation important in farming?
protects against early onset of diseases and pests that might remain in the soil