Geology
Geologist
What evidence do geologists use to study what is inside of the Earth?
Seismic Waves
What is heat tranfser? (HINT: Heat transfers from what to what?)
The transfer of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object.
How many years has Mr. Middleton been a teacher?
5 years
The deeper inside the Earth you go, the greater the...
Temperature AND Pressure.
Earth's Crust is composed mainly of these two rocks.
Continental = Granite
Oceanic = Basalt
A 7.4 magnitude earthquake occurred in California this week. Although we couldn't feel it, it helped us see what was under our feet. How were we able to pick up the seismic waves in New York?
ALSO: The waves did not have to travel through the outer core.
The sun heats the Earth through what type of heat transfer?
Radiation (Heat transfer through open space.)
How long does it take the moon to revolve around the Earth?
27 days
The lithosphere.
A man was driving and was almost involved in a car accident. In order to evade, he crashed into the side of a cliff. The cliff was shattered and caused rock to break down. Would this be considered a destructive force?
EXPLAIN
No. Although the rock was broken down and moved, it does not count as a destructive force as it was done by a human. Destructive forces can only be natural to Earth.
What are the layers of the Earth in order from outside --> to inside.
What is the largest layer?
What is the warmest layer?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.
Mantle
Inner Core
When grilling food, you feel the heat from the stove as it is cooking the food. What two types of heat transfer are occurring?
Conduction: Cooking the food that is touching the pan (direct contact).
Radiation: Feeling the heat from the side of the stove. (open space).
He invented the brand Apple (iPhone, Macbook).
Steve Jobs
The soft layer below the lithosphere.
Asthenosphere
The island of Mauna Kea in Hawaii was once an active volcano. It is only 1 million years old (humans appeared 3 million years ago). How could a landform be so young if land has been around for billions of years?
Outer Core
It is extremely hot, but does not have immense levels of pressure. The temperature melts the rock/metals but the pressure does not compress them into a solid.
There is a pot of water sitting on a hot stove that is beginning to bubble. What heat transfer is causing the hot water to rise and bubble at the top of the pot? Why?
Convection. The hot water at the bottom of the pot rises because it is less dense. It cools off and becomes more dense.
This U.S. state is home to the Grand Canyon.
Arizona
This causes convection currents in the mantle (HINT: the heat source...)
The core (inner/outer).
The land we stand on sits on top of giant slabs of rock that are moved by the Asthenosphere. What are the giant slabs of rock called?
Tectonic Plates
What are the sizes of each layer? (MILES)
Crust: 5-30 miles
Mantle: 1800 miles
Outer Core: 1400 miles
Inner Core: 800 miles
Convection Currents in the Mantle.
This is the number of lug nuts found on a wheel. (Car, truck, etc.)
Five
Geologists classify rocks into these three categories.
Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.