Global Poverty
What do cosmopolitan theorists argue?
individuals have moral obligations to address global poverty regardless of their national identity.
What is the definition of Feminism?
Recognition of social cleavages, comes with distinct interests and experiences
The absence of external obstacles is the foundation of
Negative Liberty
Modus Vivendi comes from what view of multiculturalism?
Thick multiculturalism
What are the types of Equality of Opportunity?
Bourgeois, Liberal, Socialist
Who said if you’re in a position to help and you chose not to help it is morally equivalent to doing the harm yourself?
Singer
What are the (3) types of feminist methods?
1. Womens Question
2. Raising Consciousness
3. Cultural Analysis
Is there an example that can be used for positive v. negative liberty? What is it?
Ex. Education (free education w/ mandate to attend v. free education w/ free will to attend or not attend)
Universal Basic Income is an example of
Capabilities approach
What theorist uses a birdcage for their metaphor on oppression?
Frye
What is one reason Pogge believed global poverty should be seen as a moral problem?
The problem is ‘easy’ to solve, global inequality is getting worse, and we are all responsible from globalization
What is the downside of the sameness approach?
Men’s needs are seen as standard and it minimizes actual differences
Which theorist believed that individuality promotes social progress?
Mill
The difference principle argues that...
the worst off should get priority in the distribution of goods
____ is when the state maintains principles of justice, which are neutral between conceptions of the good.
liberal toleration
Define Positive and Negative Rights. Give an example of each.
Positive - Rights that people have that require others to act or provide in some way
Medicare/Medicaid
Negative - Rights that people have that place obligations on others to refrain from acting
Freedom of Speech / Freedom of Religion
Define what the double bind issue is. Give me an example.
Oppressed groups face discrimination no matter what they do.
Women face discrimination on promiscuity. They are prudes or the opposite.
What is the difference between oppression and disadvantage?
What is the Politics of Recognition? (Definition)
Policies and campaigns aimed at ensuring equal respect for marginalized groups, beyond just legal rights.
What is the Veil of Ignorance?
Blindness to one's ability and identity.
Peter Singer' (2) Arguments? Which one does Singer Prefer?
1. Weak, we should donate everything up until morally significant
2. Strong, we should donate everything until marginally better than suffering (prefer)
What are the three important parts of feminism? (Topics)
1. Gender
2. Patriarchy
3. Change
What are the different types of Toleration?
1. Preference Toleration
2. Moral Toleration
What is the free-rider problem? (Rawls)
the potential for individuals to benefit from a collective good or social arrangement without contributing to its creation or maintenance, potentially undermining its effectiveness
What are the benefits and concerns with preferential hiring?
Potential Concerns:
Could deny equal consideration to some candidates.
May result in passing over a qualified white candidate in favor of diversity.
Raises debates on fairness and effectiveness in achieving social justice.
Potential Benefits:
Can reopen opportunities for marginalized groups.
More identity role models
Attempts to correct systemic barriers to entry in certain fields