Perspectives
Text: "Building more highways through the city will only encourage more drivers and make air pollution worse. Instead, we need to invest heavily in reliable public transit and bike lanes."
an urban planning or environmental/transportation perspective
1.
Sentence: __________, passing an exam requires both hard work and proper preparation.
There is no doubt about it.
Certainly (or Undoubtedly / Clearly)
Instructions: Read the body of the paragraph. Choose the best topic sentence that introduces the main idea.
“___________________________________________________. First, it improves cardiovascular health by strengthening the heart. Second, regular exercise reduces stress and boosts mental well-being by releasing endorphins. Finally, it helps maintain a healthy weight and builds muscle strength.”
Options: A) Running shoes can be very expensive.
B) Regular physical activity offers numerous benefits for both body and mind.
C) Many people prefer going to the gym in the morning.
B) Regular physical activity offers numerous benefits for both body and mind.
Choose the best linking word or phrase from the box to fill in the blanks and make the paragraph flow smoothly.
[ Word Bank: Furthermore / However / As a result / For instance ]
Learning a new language takes time and dedication. __________, practicing just 15 minutes a day can lead to noticeable progress.
For instance (or For example — shows an example)
ery crowded and impoverished urban areas where houses are often built poorly, lack clean running water, and are made from scrap materials. What are these neighborhoods called
slums
Text: "Allowing multinational tech companies to collect unlimited user data creates serious risks to personal privacy and strips individuals of control over their digital lives."
a technological or privacy/digital rights perspective
If we leave right now, we will _________ arrive at the cinema before the movie starts. (We are pretty sure, but not 100%.)
probably (or presumably)
Read the paragraph. Choose the best concluding sentence that wraps up the paragraph without introducing brand-new information.
2. The Paragraph:
“Learning to play a musical instrument requires patience and daily practice. At first, your fingers will hurt and the sound might not be pleasant. However, as you master basic chords and simple songs, practicing becomes much more enjoyable and rewarding. ___________________________________________________”
Options: A) Therefore, the guitar is much harder to learn than the piano.
B) In conclusion, despite the initial challenges, the effort of learning an instrument pays off in the long run.
C) Music stores sell a wide variety of guitars and keyboards.
In conclusion, despite the initial challenges, the effort of learning an instrument pays off in the long run.
Furthermore / However / As a result / For instance ]
Renewable energy sources like solar and wind power are becoming much cheaper to produce. __________, many countries are switching away from fossil fuels.
As a result (or Therefore — shows a cause-and-effect consequence)
An international organization of nearly 190 countries working to secure global financial stability, prevent monetary crises, and provide emergency loans to countries in trouble. What is its name?
the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Text: "When looking at why remote work has become so popular, we have to consider how modern lifestyles, changing family dynamics, and a desire for better work-life balance have shifted employee expectations."
a social (or cultural/lifestyle) perspective
(Showing Unexpectedness )
Sentence: __________, the smallest team in the tournament managed to win the championship against all odds.
Surprisingly
Fill in the blanks using a strong topic sentence or concluding sentence based on the clues provided.
3. Topic Sentence Challenge:
Context: A paragraph about why learning a second language is useful.
Sentence: [ _____________________ ], being bilingual can significantly boost your career opportunities and help you connect with people from different cultures around the world.
Overall / Generally speaking / To begin with
Furthermore / However / As a result / For instance
Electric cars are great for reducing urban air pollution. __________, they can still be quite expensive for the average buyer.
However (or On the other hand — shows contrast)
An economic and political philosophy where the government heavily intervenes, controls prices, or regulates business affairs instead of letting the free market handle everything. What is this called?
interventionism
Text: "From a global health standpoint, vaccine distribution cannot just focus on wealthy nations; stopping a pandemic requires sharing resources and medical technology equally with developing countries."
public health (or global health) perspective
Sentence: To be __________, I have no idea how to solve this math problem.
frank (or honest)
If the topic sentence tells the reader what the paragraph is going to be about, what is the primary job of the concluding sentence in relation to that topic sentence?
to restate the main idea in a new way (or wrap it up without repeating it word-for-word)
Furthermore / However / As a result / For instance
Regular exercise boosts your physical health. __________, it releases chemicals in the brain that improve your mood and reduce stress.
Furthermore (or In addition / Moreover — adds supporting information)
A restrictive trade policy where a government places heavy taxes (tariffs) on imported goods to protect local, domestic industries from foreign competition. What is this policy called?
protectionism
"While artificial intelligence tools can instantly generate essays and solve complex equations, over-reliance on these systems threatens to erode students' critical thinking, original problem-solving abilities, and genuine cognitive development."
Educational, technical
Showing Regret / Sadness
Sentence: __________, we cannot offer you a refund because you lost your receipt.
Unfortunately
Read the paragraph below. The first sentence has been removed! Choose or write a strong topic sentence that tells the reader what the whole paragraph is about.
[ MISSING TOPIC SENTENCE ]
First, spending time in nature significantly lowers stress levels and reduces anxiety. Second, physical activities like hiking or walking in the park improve your overall physical health and heart rate. Finally, green spaces provide a peaceful escape from the constant noise and screens of city life. Therefore, making outdoor walks a regular habit is essential for a balanced lifestyle.
Teacher Key / Answer Options:
Option A : Spending time in nature offers incredible benefits for both mental and physical well-being.
Option B: Heavy rain can cause serious traffic delays in the downtown area.
Option C : Many people prefer to buy running shoes online rather than at the mall.
Spending time in nature offers incredible benefits for both mental and physical well-being.
Furthermore / However / As a result / For instance
Many cities have introduced dedicated bicycle lanes and wider sidewalks. __________, more citizens are choosing to commute to work by bike instead of driving cars.
As a result (or Therefore / Consequently — showing a cause-and-effect outcome of the city changes).
n economic strategy focused on boosting production by cutting taxes, reducing government regulations, and making it easier for businesses to invest and grow. What is this called?
a supply-side oriented policy