RB1
Image wisely.
What device sounds an alarm to indicate the pretense of radiation?
Gieger-muller survey meter.
what are natural sources of ionizing radiation?
radioactive elements in the crust of the earth and human body.
How is Air kerma often reported?
report in milligrays (mGy).
The interactions of x-ray photons with any atoms of biologic matter are_________?
Random, effects cannot be predicted with any certainty
what are biological effects of ionizing radiation?
1. nausea
2. fatigue
3. developmental abnormalities
4. cancer
What are genetic effects of ionizing radiation?
cancer and genetic hereditary effects.
If a child receives a dose of radiation in a CT scan where adult protocols are used, the child will receive a ________?
higher effective dose than an adult, but the image produced will be of acceptable quality.
What is: the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass. indicates the amount of energy received by the patient from an exposure.
Absorbed dose (D)
what interaction is described as occupational exposure?
Compton scatter.
When is it required to wear a dosimeter?
When a radiographer is at potential risk to receive 10% of the annual dose of 50 mSv
What is Radiobiology?
the study of the effects of ionizing radiation on biologic tissue.
what is exposure (X)?
1. intensity of radiation delivered to a specific area of the body.
2. amount of ionization produced in air when ionizing radiation is present.
What is: the amount of radiation actually received by the patient
Entrance Skin Exposure (ESE).
What interaction is the main contributor to radiographic fog?
What is the main difference between image gently and image wisely?
image gently is concerned with pediatric patients, while image wisely focuses on adult patients.
What are the fundamental properties of x-rays?
invisible, vary in degrees of penetration, electrically neutral, cannot be focused with a lens, travel in a straight line, produce charged particles, will darken photographic fil, wide range of energies, heterogenous.
What is: SI quantity of ionization that determines the amount of radiation exposure within a specific volume of dry air (quantity of ionization)
Air Kerma
What are ways to measure entrance skin exposure?
bone marrow dose and gonadal dose.
The energy of the Compton scatter is the difference between which factors?
energy of the incident photon, and the energy of the ejected electron
What device measures radiation in air?
Ionization chamber-type survey meter (cutie pie).
What are two types of major sources of ionizing radiation?
1. natural, terrestrial, cosmic and internal
2. manmade/artificial: consumer products, medical radiation, nuclear power plants, air travel, natural disasters.
What unit is used to express Air Kerma?
Gray (Gy)
if cellular damage occurs, the living organism will have a significant possibility of exhibiting genetic or somatic changes such as _______?
1. mutations
2. cataracts
3. leukemia.
what characteristic primarily differentiates the probability of occurrence of the carious interaction of x-radiation with human tissues?
energy of the incoming photon.