Chapter 16-18
This transmits visual neurological infomraiton to the brain.
Optic Nerve
Digital radiographic systems are divided into these two classes.
Direct and Indirect conversion
Using an 8" air gap would do this to remnant radiation exposure to a DR detector.
Decrease it
This is the difference between two adjacent gray shades on a radiographic image
Radiographic contrast
Modern DR mobile radiographic units possess this.
A flat panel detector for image review
Controls scotopic vision
Rods
Computers operate using this language
Binary machine
DR detector element saturation can result in image _____.
Data drop
A radiograph with few shades of gray exhibits
High contrast
The primary beam exits the patient and strikes this.
Input screen
The brightness of light intensity is expressed in ____.
Lamberts
Analog to digital conversion involves two steps. Quantification and _____.
Sampling
This is required for a fixed kVp exposure technique system.
Optimum threshold kVp
With digital imaging technologies, the final brightness and contrast appearance of an image is due to____.
Look-up table (LUT) application
The output screen absorbs ____ and emits _____.
Electrons; Light photons
The ____ the body part, the ____ the attenuation.
Thicker; Greater
This controls spatial resolution
Pixel size
Underexposed radiographic images demonstrate this.
Photon starvation
R radiographic grid with a K-factor of 1 would offer this change in image contrast.
No change
The input screen absorbs ____ and emits ____.
x-ray photons and light photons
Bone produces less image receptor _____ because it attenuates the x-ray beam more than soft tissue does.
Exposure
The fluoro halides used in CR are predominantly composed of _____.
Bromide
This standard allows various vendors to share digital data without proprietary software constraints.
Adoption of DICOM standard
Unacceptable levels of this cause poor spatial resolution.
Penumbra
The tech will perform this trauma view of the knee to see if there is lipohemoarthrosis present.
Cross-table lateral projection. This looks for fat-blood layering on the image.
As subject density ____, image receptor exposure _____.
Increases; Decreases
In CR the latent image consists of millions of ____ and _____.
F-centers and electron holes
This protects a patient's medical infomraiton from unauthorized usage and access
HIPAA (Health Insurance POrtability and Accountability Act of 1996)
This represents a depth to the information in the digital image
Z axis
The shape of the image intensifier input screen helps to control this.
Image distortion
Because of its tissue composition, the human breast is ____.
A low subject contrast structure
Pixel bit depth determines this.
Gray shade levels
The service class and object class combine to form this.
SOP unit
Quantum noise impacts radiographic image quality by _____.
Diminishing the visibility of recorded detail
Radiographic grids for mobile radiography should have a _______ and _______.
Low ratio and high frequency
It's primary purpose is to remove a percentage of scatter photons.
A grid
Indirect DR uses this as the photoconductor material.
Amorphous silicon
This technology manages huge file sizes of medical images in a radiology department.
Data compression
The greater the SID, the _____ the degree of magnification.
Smaller
When it is determined that air-fluid level demonstration is a priority, this number of projections may be required for ______.
Two; air-fluid levels and a normal projection of the chest
This is the number of grid lines per inch
Grid frequency
In direct digital imaging, the electronic readout of signal is accomplished by the _____.
Thin Film Transistor (TFT)
This is the principal controlling factor of radiographic receptor exposure.
mAs
This occurs when the tube or image receptor are not properly aligned.
Elongation
This is the edge distortion problem in image intensification tubes.
Vignetting
This is intended to remove the visibility of grid lines
Grid supression software
In a digital detector, the term "fill-factor" refers to the _____.
Sensing area of the detector element
The % of mAs necessary to improve the visible appearance of noise on a digital image.
25-35%
A radiographic magnification factor of -.15 indicates ______.
Nothing since negative MF is not possible.
A fluoroscopic image that appears dark during fluoroscopy indicates this.
Too little radiation is hitting the input phosphor