Radiation Exposure
This is the number that represents the optimum desired occupational dose of radiation.
What is zero?
This anatomical landmark looks like a radiolucent "cloud" above the root tips.
What is the floor of the maxillary sinus?
This is a radiograph used to judge density and is compared with film that is processed daily to determine developer freshness.
What is a reference radiograph?
Your new x-ray machine has a PID that is 8 inches. You were used to a PID that was 16 inches. How does this affect the intensity of the beam? What adjustment will you need to make to keep the density on your images consistent?
What is decreasing the exposure time? (This is because of the inverse square law which states "the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of radiation." When distance is decreased, intensity increases. when intensity increases, exposure time must decrease.)
A film with thin, black branching lines has been subjected to this. It happens when opening a film packet too quickly or opening a film packet before touching another object, such as a countertop in a carpeted office. This condition occurs more commonly during low -humidity times.
What is static electricity?
A film badge monitor is responsible for doing this.
What is monitoring a radiographer's daily occupational exposure to radiation from the x-ray machine(s).
This is an opening or a hole in the bone located on the internal surface of the mandible near the midline and it appears radiolucent.
What is the lingual foramen?
When densities differ by more than two steps on a stepwedge, this protocol should be followed.
What is replacing processing solutions?
Extraoral intensifying screens should be checked periodically for __________________.
What are dirt and scratches?
The radiographic processing time was too short, so the film will appear this way.
What is a light appearance?
This number represents the MPD (Maximum Permissible Dose) for occupationally exposed workers.
What is 0.05 Sv/yr?
On a maxillary periapical image, this appears as a thin radiolucent line between the maxillary central incisors.
What is the median palatine suture?
The stepwedge requires this number of films be taken in order to test developer strength.
What is 20 films?
Panoramic imaging requires this type of film.
What is screen film?
A film is appearing to be very light and is called this ____________. It is caused by inadequate developing time, developer solution that is too cool, or developer solution that is depleted or contaminated.
What is underdeveloped?
This is the acceptable emission from the tubehead.
What is only the primary beam of radiation?
This appears as a triangle-shaped opacity which is a marked prominence of bone on the anterior ramus of the mandible, but is seen on a maxillary periapical image.
What is the coronoid process?
This setting and the timer control the density on images.
What is mA?
If your office just started using digital radiography, after previously using analog film, this will happen to the exposure time.
What is decreasing exposure time by 50-90%.
This exposure error results in the "herringbone" effect.
What is film reversal?
This is a true statement regarding pregnant patients and exposure to radiation.
What is radiation levels are "0" when a lead apron is used?
This will appear as a small ovoid or round radiolucency in the pre-molar apical region on a mandibular periapical image.
What is the mental foramen?
Processing solutions should be changed __________.
What is every 3-4 weeks?
This exposure control selection(s) controls the quality of the beam.
What is the kilovoltage? (the quality, or wavelength and energy of the x-ray beam, are controlled by the kilovoltage.) Increasing kV will increase the speed and energy of the electrons and increase the penetrating ability of the x-ray beam.
The developed film is completely clear because of this error.
What is an unexposed film? (Failure to turn on x-ray machine, electrical failure, or malfunction of the machine.)