Atmospheric Emissions
This equation helps account for the transmission component for the fundamental Schwarzschild equation.
What is Beer's Law?
This approximation allows us to more easily account for ice crystals, snowflakes, and soot when working with our scattering equations.
What is the spherical cow approximation?
This satellite derived technique uses multiple satellite channels aimed at a tropical cyclone to estimate its intensity.
What is the Advanced Dvorak Technique?
When using this type of sensing one can adjust the angle to see different layers of the surface, while this other type of sensing is most effective for the upper canopy. These are the two main techniques for vegetation sensing.
What are radar and passive sensing?
This phenomenon can be described by the horizontal spreading of a weaker echo to the sides of a storm, or the vertical spreading of a weaker echo to the top of a storm.
What is side lobe contamination?
These two equations come together to form the fundamental basis for emissions in the Schwarzschild equation. Name them and distinguish what each of them does.
What are Kirchoff's Law and Planck's function?
This is the key characteristic of a particle that determines scattering.
What is particle size?
These types of satellites provide the most detail, but have less overall coverage.
What are polar orbiting satellites?
This index has the total reflectivity of the near infrared wavelength and the visible red wavelength as inputs. It's used to measure the health of plants.
What is NDVI?
This unit used to measure power is derived by using this equation, due to the scale of the numbers being easier to comprehend.
x = 10log10(P1/P2)
What are decibels?
These are all things that need to be considered when accounting for the incoming signal with respect to earth's surface.
What are the signal from space and the signal from each atmospheric layer?
This type of scattering applies to particles that are often times much larger than the wavelength of the light its scattering.
What is Mie scattering?
An airborne version of an instrument we commonly use on land. It can provide a 3-D view of precipitation and wind with its active sensor.
What is Tail Doppler Radar?
Vegetation sensing works in the visible and near IR ranges because of the properties of this compound within plants. (Bonus: Which wavelength is better absorbed by this compound?)
What is Chlorophyl?
Visible gets absorbed by the chlorophyl. The Near IR is reflected BUT due to the plant's structure.
Radars work by sending out a pulse and then measuring this in the form of the return signal.
What is backscatter?
These are all things that need to be considered when accounting for the incoming signal with respect to a satellite pointed at earth's surface.
What are the signal from the surface, and the signal from each atmospheric layer?
A case in which the extinction is larger for shorter wavelengths, and much of this light is lost to scattering and absorption.
What is reddening?
This instrument uses a light beam and backscatter from aerosols to measure windspeed in tropical systems.
What is Doppler Wind Lidar?
This index accounts for the influence of soil brightness.
What is the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI)?
This equation provides a relationship between received power, characteristics of a target, and characteristics of the apparatus.
What is the radar equation?
This function takes into account the absorption at each altitude. It plays a significant role in the Schwarzschild equation.
What is the weighing function?
This color will appear in the sky under the right conditions of reddening and internal reflection due to water droplet radii.
What is green?
This variable, which can be obtained using the Stefan Boltzmann Law, can be used to relate visible emissions from the oceans surface to the speed of the winds.
What is brightness temperature?
These three things can degrade NDVI estimates by changing the reflection properties of the observed surface.
What are clouds, soil moisture, and surface water?
(Bonus if Cloud shadows are mentioned).
This function represents the ratio of the power flux density (at a given radius, azimuth, and elevation) for a directional antenna to the power flux density for an isotropic antenna radiating the same total power.
What is the gain function?