Knee
Leg
Patella
Femur
Pelvis
100
Below 19cm central ray is 5 degrees caudad; 19-24cm the central ray is perpendicular; above 24cm 5 degrees cephalic
What is the central ray angulations for an AP or Oblique knee with different body habitus?
100
Entire tibia and fibula shown along with knee and ankle joint
What is the anatomy that must be included in an leg radiograph?
100
1) Base 2) Apex
What is the name of the top of the patella and the bottom of the patella?
100
What parts should be included in the femur projections
What is the femur, hip, and knee
100
Which gender does the pelvis open more heart shaped and wider?
What is female
200
Lateral
What is the projections that requires a CR angle of 5 degrees cephalic no matter the body habitus?
200
55-65
What is the kvp range for a leg?
200
Do you perform an AP or PA projection of the patella and why?
What is PA projection to reduce the OID
200
What is the kvp range for a femur
What is 60-70
200
The ilium, ischium, and pubis make up what
What is the acetabulum
300
1/2 in distal to the patella apex
What is the central ray directed to for an AP and Oblique knee?
300
2 (AP and Lateral) but it may require more because some people may not fit on 14x17 and so it is possible to have two images for an AP and two for a Lateral
What is the number of projections for a leg?
300
The degree the knee is flexed for a lateral projection of the patella
What is 5 to 10 degrees
300
How much should the entire limb be rotated for an AP projection? Why?
What is 15-20 degrees; to place the femoral necks parallel to the IR
300
What is the kvp range for the pelvis?
What is 70-80
400
Lateral rotation: shows patella on the lateral side, fibula superimposed by tibia Medial rotation: shoes patella on the medial side, fibula free of superimposition by the tibia except for some of the head
What is the different anatomy shown in the two obliques of the knee?
400
Perpendicular to the center of the leg
What is the central ray directed to?
400
For the tangential sunrise projection what is the degree of flexion
What is 20 degrees
400
How many projections are needed for the femur?
What is 2 projections AP and Lateral, but more may be done to make sure the whole femur is included
400
When performing a pelvis what should be rotated medially and why?
What is the lower limb should be rotated 10-15 degrees medially to make the femoral necks parallel to the IR so they will not be foreshortened
500
Femur; tibia; fibula; epicondyles and condyles; tibial intercondylar eminence; tibial plateaus;
What is the anatomy demonstrated in knee radiographs?
500
Name of the front sharp portion of the tibia
What is the anterior crest?
500
For the Hughston method what is the degree of flexion of the part, and the central ray angulation
What is 55 degree flexion with a CR angulation of 40 degrees
500
Fovea capitis
What is the name of the small hole on the head of the femur?
500
Landmarks used to insure the CR is directed to the correct area
What is the iliac crest, asis, and pubic symphysis
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