Antibiotics
When treating sepsis in a neonate, this combination of antibiotics is recommended to cover both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, including Listeria and E. coli.
ampicillin and gentamicin
What age group is at the highest risk for sepsis?
Neonates (0-28 days old).
What is the most common early sign of sepsis in children?
Fever
In a previously healthy child presenting with sepsis and signs of right upper quadrant tenderness, this source of infection should be considered, often linked to E. coli.
pyogenic liver abscess
What is the most effective way to prevent infections that can lead to sepsis?
Vaccination
This beta-lactam antibiotic is often used as part of the first-line treatment for pediatric sepsis due to its broad-spectrum coverage, when you are concerned about Pseudomonas aeruginosa
piperacillin-tazobactam
Name one pre-existing medical condition that increases the risk of sepsis in children.
Immunosuppression (e.g., from chemotherapy or HIV).
According to the 2020 Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines, this is the recommended time frame within which broad-spectrum antibiotics should be administered after recognition of septic shock.
Within 1 hour
What is the term for the life-threatening condition where multiple organ systems fail?
Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)
Name a hygiene practice that can reduce the risk of sepsis in hospitalized children.
Handwashing or gloves
For suspected MRSA involvement in pediatric sepsis, this antibiotic is often added to the regimen
Vancomycin
What type of infection is most commonly associated with pediatric sepsis?
Respiratory infections, such as pneumonia
This is the most common pathogen implicated in sepsis in children with community-acquired infections, often necessitating early empiric antibiotic coverage.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What is a potential hematological complication of sepsis?
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
What is one strategy to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs)?
Proper insertion, checklist use, and maintenance of central lines.
In the setting of a patient with severe sepsis and a history of anaphylaxis to penicillins, this carbapenem can be used with caution due to its broader coverage and lower cross-reactivity.
Meropenem
Children with what type of congenital anomaly are at increased risk of sepsis?
Congenital Heart Disease
What is a concerning sign of severe sepsis indicating cardiovascular compromise?
Hypotension
This source of infection should be considered in a pediatric patient with sepsis and a new heart murmur, particularly if there is a history of congenital heart disease or previous cardiac surgery.
infective endocarditis
What is the role of early identification in the prevention of severe sepsis outcomes?
It allows for early intervention, which can prevent progression to severe sepsis or septic shock.
This newer cephalosporin is recommended for pediatric sepsis with suspected ESBL-producing organisms, given its stability against most beta-lactamases.
cefiderocol
Name a factor related to medical interventions that can increase sepsis risk.
Invasive Devices such as central venous catheters
What neurological symptom may indicate sepsis in a child?
Altered Mental Status or lethargy
Name a long-term complication that can occur in children after surviving severe sepsis.
Neurocognitive impairment or developmental delays
What is a sepsis screening tool used in pediatric patients?
Pediatric Early Warning Signs (PEWS) score