Kevin Bacon's Plan
blood draw for a trough level should be drawn when?
at the time the blood (plasma) concentration is the lowest
most dangerous drug administration route
intravenous
Which insulins should you wait to give until the breakfast tray has arrived?
rapid (humalog) and short acting (novulin R/regular) insulins
what will decrease with antidiabetic drugs
blood sugar
weight gain, lethargy, bradycardia
hypothyroidism
drugs made outside the body
extrinsic drugs
best time for patient teaching about a medication
when the patient is awake and not drowsy, when they are pain free, when there is someone to help them reinforce treatment, if needed
what to do if your diabetic patient is pale, sweaty, and shaky
check their blood sugar
Schedule of drugs considered a high risk for abuse and no acceptable medical use?
schedule I
length of time on synthroid/levothyroxine to replace low thyroid?
lifetime
drug name with the same ingredients as the Brand name
generic name
If a drug has a half life of 10 hours; in 10 hours what percentage of the drug will remain in the body?
50%
the peak of glargine (Lantus) insulin
no peak
Why is insulin given as an injection and not as an oral drug
it is destroyed by stomach acids and intestinal enzymes if it goes through the GI tract
length of time to therapeutic effects on synthroid/levothyroxine?
4-6 weeks
Kind of drugs that must interact with receptors to produce their intended responses
agonist and antagonist drugs
the time it takes to reach the minimum effective concentration of a drug
onset of drug action
difference between type 1 and 2 DM
type 1 patients produce NO insulin
type 2 patients may produce insulin but it doesn't work or your body is resistant to insulin's effects
teaching for 28 year old female prescribed a pregnancy category D drug
Can NOT get pregnant due to birth defect risks to fetus. Use 2 types of birth control.
progressive obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, skin changes
cushings disease (high ACTH)
The way drugs move through the body (ADME)
absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
What to do if a medication is ordered PO but the patient has a feeding tube and can't swallow?
Get an order for a different drug or Route
expected peak time of regular insulin given to a patient at 0900
1100
ways metformin can reduce blood sugar
help liver make and release LESS glucose
increases sensitivity by making the cells respond better
stops carbs from being absorbed in the intestines
Patient precautions to teach when patient is on insulin
always have a quick acting carb
label and date insulin vials
don't skip meals
let provider know when sick with vomiting/diarrhea (may need to adjust insulin)