Intermittent Schedules of R+
Reinforcement is given after a set amount of responses
Fixed Ratio
This describes when a behavior occurs under certain circumstances and not under other circumstances
Discrimination
Speaking directions to the learner
Verbal
A structured system of prompts that helps people learn new behaviors and skills
Prompt hierarchy
A teaching technique that gradually reduces the intensity of a stimulus to help someone learn a new behavior
Stimulus fading
Reinforcement is given after an average number of responses
Variable ratio
This is the result of discrimination training. Discrimination training brings a response under this by reinforcing the behavior in the presence of, but not in the absence of a specific stimulus
Stimulus control
Demonstrating a specific task or activity while the learner watches
Modeling
A teaching strategy where a therapist starts with the most intrusive prompts to ensure a learner performs the correct response, then gradually fades the prompts to less intrusive prompts as the learner demonstrates proficiency
Most-to-least prompting
This refers to the ability to perform a trained skill outside of the training environment
Generalization
Reinforcement is given to the first correct response after a set amount of time
Fixed interval
This signals that reinforcement is available. This is often an instruction, but it can be anything that tells someone that reinforcement is available if a certain behavior occurs.
SD- extra points for saying what SD stands for
providing physical assistance
physical- extra points for providing an example of a partial physical and a full physical
A teaching strategy that involves starting with the least intrusive prompts and then gradually increases the level of prompts as needed
Least-to-most prompting
This involves systematically reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior, essentially breaking down a complex skill into smaller, manageable steps and rewarding each step close to the target behavior until the full skill is achieved
Shaping
Reinforcement is given after the first correct response following an average amount of time
Variable Interval
This signals that reinforcement is not availabe
SDelta- extra points if you can say how SDelta is often written
motioning, pointing, or nodding towards objects or activities involved in the task
Gesture
A technique that gradually reduces prompts to help people learn to perform tasks independently
Prompt fading
A strategy that uses novel stimuli as reinforcement that is usually accrued and then traded in for another reinforcer, such as an edible item, break, or a specific tangible
Token economy
Your BCBA tells you to provide reinforcement after the first correct response following a set amount of time. Which intermittent schedule of reinforcement is this?
Fixed interval
This is the process of gradually shifting a behavior's control from one specific stimulus to another (like a verbal prompt) to another, more natural stimulus in the environment, allowing an individual to perform the behavior independently based on environmental cues rather than relying on constant prompts
Stimulus control transfer
showing the learner a video or picture demonstrating what the learner should say or do
Visual
A brief wait between an instruction and a prompt to allow the learner to make a response before a prompt is provided
prompt delay
What does this exemplify?
A RBT is working with a child on saying the word "apple". The RBT first reinforces the child saying "ah" until that is mastered. Then, the RBT only provides reinforcement if the child says, "ap". This continues until the child is saying "apple".
Shaping