Measurement
Why is accurate measurement essential in ABA?
A. It reduces paperwork
B. It prevents client supervision
C. It allows for data-driven decisions
D. It replaces supervision requirements
C. It allows for data-driven decisions
In a token economy, the items or activities the learner cashes in their tokens for are called:
A. Backup reinforcers
B. Tokens
C. Primary reinforcers
D. Extra reinforcers
A. Backup reinforcers
Which of the following reasons for a particular behavior would not fall under the main functions of behavior?
A. To get someone to play with you
B. Because you wanted to
C. Because it physically felt good
D. To avoid an unpleasant situation
B. Because you wanted to
Stimulus changes that occur right after a behavior are referred to as:
A. Antecedents
B. Extinction
C. Consequences
D. Reinforcements
C. Consequences
Client documentation is required to be saved for a minimum of ___ years.
A. 5
B. 1
C. 10
D. 7
D. 7
Which of the following is a continuous measurement system?
A. Momentary Time Sampling
B. Frequency Recording
C. Whole Interval Recording
D. Partial Interval Recording
B. Frequency
A therapist is working with a client on tooth-brushing in a task-analyzed format. The therapist is teaching the entire set of steps in the task analysis, which means they are employing what method of task analysis training?
A. Partial Interval Recording
B. Backwards chaining
C. Forwards Chaining
D. Total task or whole task training
D. Total task or whole task training
What is a baseline measure?
A. A measurement of the behavior or skill before implementation of the intervention
B. A measurement of the behavior or skill after the intervention is complete
C. A measurement of the behavior or skill at each specified interval during intervention
D. A measurement not commonly used in ABA
A. A measurement of the behavior or skill before implementation of the intervention
Kevin hits his peers at preschool to get their attention. His team implements a procedure where everyone limits attention toward Kevin when he hits his peers. Instead, he receives verbal praise when engaging in behaviors that keep his hands busy. Clapping, playing with legos, etc. What type of procedure does this entail?
A. Differential reinforcement of alternative behaviors
B. Differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors
C. Differential reinforcement of other behaviors
D. Differential reinforcement of low levels of behaviors
B. Differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors (DRI)
Which of the following variables would not be necessary to communicate with your BCBA immediately?
A. Your client became ill during the session, so you ended the session 45 minutes early
B. Your client mastered one of their programs
C. Your client’s caregivers reported concerns about their progress and another RBT's performance
D. Your client started a new medication
B. Your client mastered one of their programs
If the number of tantrums decreases from 10 to 4 in a week, what does that indicate?
A. A data recording error
B. Improvement in target behavior
C. Increased latency
D. Ineffective reinforcement
B. Improvement in target behavior
You taught your client to label a refrigerator on a 2D picture card. The next day, your client’s mother informs you that he has been pointing to refrigerator in their kitchen and saying “refrigerator!” What does this demonstrate?
A. Maintenance
B. Generalization
C. Shaping
D. Behavior modification
B. Generalization
In what type of assessment would you record ABC data?
A. Functional analysis
B. Descriptive assessment
C. Skill-based assessment
D. Indirect assessment
In a Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors (DRO), you reinforce:
A. All behaviors noncontingently
B. All behaviors other than the behavior targeted for reduction
C. An incompatible behavior
D. More appropriate alternative behaviors
B. All behaviors other than the behavior targeted for reduction
Which of the following is a setting event that could impact your client’s response to treatment?
A. You provide a non-preferred instruction
B. Your client is reported to be ill, with a cough and runny nose
C. You ask your client to take turns with their brother
D. You remove access to an item that your client was playing aggressively with
B. Your client is reported to be ill, with a cough and runny nose
What does offset refer to?
A. The end of an event, in time
B. The beginning of an event, in time
C. To counteract something (by physical force) to bring it back into line.
D. The amount or distance by which something is out of line
A. The end of an event in, in time.
A therapist provides a “star” token on average every 5 times the learner responds correctly - for example, the learner earned a star token after 7 correct responses, 4 correct responses, 6 correct responses, and 3 correct responses, averaging out to an average of 5 responses/token.
What type of schedule of reinforcement is this?
A. Variable Ratio
B. Variable Interval
C. Fixed Ratio
D. Fixed Interval
A. Ignore him so he learns to get the toy by himself
B. Immediately hand him the toy car without requiring any response
C. Prompt Leo to request the toy car (for example, by saying, “Say ‘car’” or “What do you want?” as written in the plan)
D. Tell Leo he can have the toy car only after he finishes all his table work
A. Variable Ratio
Your BCBA provides your client’s caregiver with a questionnaire to fill out about the child’s behavior to get more information about what they’re seeing outside of therapy sessions. This type of tool falls under which category of assessments?
A. Descriptive assessment
B. Preference assessment
C. Skill assessment
D. Indirect assessment
When using extinction, you:
A. Ignore the client
B. Provide differential reinforcement
C. Withhold reinforcement for a behavior that was previously reinforced
D. Ignore all inappropriate behaviors
C. Withhold reinforcement for a behavior that was previously reinforced
Your client’s parent tells you to run a program differently than how your BCBA originally trained you. How should you proceed?
A. Firmly say no
B. Agree as long as their request is not likely to result in harm and immediately seek guidance from your BCBA after the session
C. Repeatedly call your BCBA in the moment to seek guidance
D. End the session
B. Agree as long as their request is not likely to result in harm and immediately seek guidance from your BCBA after the session
When we refer to the validity of a measurement system, we are referring to what?
A. Data that are important to the consumer being assisted
B. Data that meet the 7 dimensions of ABA as described by Baer, Wolf, and Risley (1968)
C. Data that will advance scientist's knowledge in the field of applied behavior analysis
D. Data are directly related to the behavior being measured and the reasons for measuring it
D. Data are directly related to the behavior being measured and the reasons for measuring it
______________ occurs when an intervention is removed, but the client continues to demonstrate the skill.
A. Maintenance
B. Response latency
C. Generalization across stimuli
D. Behavior modification
A. Maintenance
What type of design is employed by a functional analysis to verify the maintaining variables of a given behavior?
A. Momentary Baseline Sampling Design
B. Multiple Baseline Design
C. Alternating Treatments Design
D. Multiple Probe Assessment Design
C. Alternating Treatments Design
Pam is working with a 7-year-old client named Lincoln. Lincoln engages in behaviors to escape non-preferred work tasks. How might Pam use a DRA to reduce Lincoln’s escape behaviors? Choose the best solution given this scenario.
A. Allow Lincoln to escape non-preferred tasks by manding for a break
B. Ignore all escape behaviors and reinforce all other behaviors
C. Reinforce on-task behaviors
D. Implement escape extinction and forced follow through
A. Allow Lincoln to escape non-preferred tasks by manding for a break
You work 1:1 with client A 12 hours per week and with client B 8 hours per week. What is the minimum number of hours of supervision you must receive each month?
A. 1 hour
B. 4 hours
C. 10 hours
D. 5 1/2 hours
B. 4 hours