Infection Control
Approximately what percent of hospitalized patients develop a health care–associated infection?
4%
Which of the following are primary components of the upper airway?
A. Nose, oral cavity, pharynx
B. Larynx, trachea, bronchi
C. Nose oral cavity, larynx, trachea
D. Nose oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea
A
Which vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
What is the term for the bifurcation of the trachea?
Carina
What is the term for the movement of gas from the external environment to the alveoli?
Ventilation
What vaccination does OSHA require hospital employers to provide?
Hep B
What is the term for widening of the nostrils that can occur during respiratory distress?
Nasal flaring
Which vessels carry blood to the heart
Pulmonary Veins
What is the term for the uppermost portion of the upright lung?
apex
What is the term for a rapid respiratory rate?
Tachypnea
How often should ventilator circuits be changed for infection control purposes?
Never
What are the functions of the upper airway? (list at least 3)
I. Conduction of gas to lower airway
II. Prevent foreign materials from entering lower airway
III. Warm, filter, and humidify inspired gas
IV. Aid in speech and smell
What is the clinical term for an inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart?
Pericarditis
What is the term for the openings in the walls of interalveolar septa?
Pores of Kohn
Which ventilatory pattern is defined as the complete absence of spontaneous breathing?
Apnea
What is the minimum recommended time for handwashing in the health care environment?
15 seconds
What is an alternate term for acute alveolar hyperventilation?
Respiratory Alkalosis
What is the name of the outer wall of the pericardium?
Fibrous Pericardium
Which structures are contained in the mediastinum?
I. Trachea
II. Great vessels
III. Portions of the esophagus
IV. Pituitary gland
Trachea, great vessels & esophagus
What is the normal I:E ratio for an adult at rest?
1:2
What is the purpose of an inspiratory HEPA filter in a ventilator circuit?
Eliminates bacteria
How many mg of active ingredient are in a 3 ml of a 1.25% solution of Xopenex?
37.5 mg
What is the term for a large collection of fluid in the pericardial sac that compresses the underlying structures?
Cardiac Tamponade
What is the space between the true vocal cords called?
Glottis
At what point in the ventilatory cycle would the intra-alveolar pressure be higher than the atmospheric pressure?
Expiration