Math
How much of a 2% drug solution is needed in order to obtain 10 mg of active ingredient?
0.5 ml
What effect do restrictive lung diseases have on lung compliance?
LC decreases
What is the term for alveolar ventilation without pulmonary capillary perfusion?
A. Alveolar dead space
B. Physiologic dead space
C. Minute alveolar ventilation
D. anatomic dead space
A
You observe a patient take 8 breaths in 30 seconds. What would their respiratory rate per minute be?
16
Which substance in the alveoli is responsible for lowering the surface tension?
Surfactant helps to reduce alveolar surface tension and helps prevent alveoli from collapsing.
If a patient’s tidal volume (VT) is 500 ml and their respiratory rate (RR) is 12, what is their minute ventilation (MV) in Liters?
6.0 L
If lung compliance is decreased, lung resistance is _____.
increased
What is the approximate volume of anatomic dead space?
A. 2.2 mL/Lb of ideal body weight
B. 2.2 mL/Lb of actual body weight
C. 1 mL/Lb of Ideal body weight
C
What is another name for the Hering-Breuer reflex?
inflation reflex
What does an arterial pH of 7.30 indicate?
acidosis or acidemia
What is the I:E ratio if the inspiratory time is 0.5 sec and the expiratory time is 2 sec?
1:4
A COPD patient would most likely have a blood gas that resembles what?
FCRAC
Describe anatomic dead space
In respiratory tract (trachea, mouth, nose, ect.)
What is the term for a rapid Heart rate?
Tachycardia
Interpret the following ABG.
pH 7.41 PaCO2 25 HCO3- 15 PaO2 69
FCRAK with mild hypoxemia
What is the ideal body weight for a patient who is 6 foot 1 inches?
76 kg
What is the cause of increased pulmonary compliance in a patient with COPD?
Air trapping
Describe alveolar deadspace
Air is being ventilated but not perfused at an alveolar level.
When refering to "renal compensation" what part of the blood gas are we referring to?
HCO3 (bicarbonate)
You intubate in the ER and are assessing your patient. You hear breath sounds on the right side and none on the left. Chest rise is only seen on the right. What is most likely the issue?
Right mainstem intubation
What is the I:E ratio if the inspiratory time is 0.5 sec and the respiratory rate is 24/min?
1:4
What impact will the administration of a high FIO2 likely have on a patient with chronic hypercapnia and hypoxemia?
In patients with chronic hypercapnia and hypoxemia, too much oxygen may suppress the peripheral chemoreceptors and depress ventilation (oxygen induced hypoventilation)
What does the sum of anatomic dead space and alveolar dead space equal?
Anatomic dead space plus alveolar dead space equals physiologic dead space.
Please write out the full alveolar air equation.
PAO2= [(pB-pH20) x Fio2]- (Paco2/R)
What is Mrs. Easton's favorite food?
Tacos