Drugs
Why are steroids given to a mom who will likely enter in to preterm labor?
To stimulate lung maturity
What causes PVR to be low?
High PaO2
Name 2 treatments for a TET spell
Knee-chest position, Oxygen, Morphine, Vasoconstrictors
What is the appropriate ventilation rate when resuscitating an infant?
40-60/minute
You are called to the emergency room for a child with an airway emergency. The mother stated that the issue was a quick onset. The child is in the "tripod" position. The child is drooling, has suprasternal retractions and is nasal flaring. Which of the following conditions best fits these symptoms?
Epiglottitis
What is racemic epinephrine used to treat?
Upper airway edema
The placenta is responsible for what (name 2)?
Fetal gas exchange and waste removal and nutrition
How can a Patent Ductus Arteriosus be treated when it exists as a single abnormality?
Indomethacin administration
Respiratory grunting is a sound that is heard at the end of:
expiration
What is the most common cause of upper airway obstruction?
laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)
What is nitric oxide used to treat?
Pulmonary Hypertension
The ratio of lecithin to sphingomyeline, or L/S ratio, is a test to determine fetal lung maturity. Approximately what ratio is associated with the onset of mature surfactant production?
2:1
Patent ductus arteriosus maybe a frequent complication of (name one) what condition
Low birth weight infants, Prematurity of infants
An APGAR score of 4 indicates:
moderate depression
The most common causative organism in bronchiolitis is
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
What are prostaglandins used for?
To keep a patent ductus arteriosus
The ductus arteriosus is a communication between which two vascular structures?
Pulmonary artery and aorta
A term newborn is in the nursery. The RT is called to evaluate the infant due to extreme peripheral cyanosis. A CXR reveals an "egg-shaped" heart. This would most likely indicate:
Transposition of the Great Arteries
The ideal respiratory rate for ventilation of a newborn infant would be within which of the following ranges?
20-40 breaths per minute
Name 2 treatments that are commonly used in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis
Oxygen, Aerosolized antibiotics, Pulmozyme, CPT
What is indomethacin used to treat?
PDA
During fetal circulation blood bypasses the infant's lungs through the:
Ductus arteriosus & Foramen ovale
Name 2 findings that occur in Tetralogy of Fallot
profound cyanosis, right-to left shunt, ventricular septal defect, overarching aorta
What setting determines the tidal volume delivered with a pressure controlled setting for an infant?
Peak Inspiratory Pressure
Name 2 indications for pediatric mechanical ventilation
intrinisic pulmonary disease, ventilatory failure, neuromuscular disorders, acute hypoxemia