Developing awareness of the interrelatedness of oral and written language
What is emergent literacy
100
Marie Clay's literacy processing theory views the child as being the _____________ of literacy knowledge to develop as a reader and writer
What is the constructor
100
Spontaneous story reenactments
What are creative dramatics
100
when letters are placed on paper without regard for the sounds they make
What is the prephonetic stage
100
Clues that derive from the meanings of the words, phrases, and sentences surrounding unknown words
what are semantic cues (clues)
200
techniques for working with young children in which teachers consider each child's competencies and adjust instruction accordingly
What are developmentally appropriate practices
200
This theory asserts that thought comes before language and that language is a way of representing thought
What is Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
200
The realization that spoken language consists of a series of small sound units
What is phonemic awareness
200
once students understand the alphabetic principle they enter this stage where they represent some phonemes with graphemes
What is the semi phonetic stage
200
a framework for instruction that involves explicit modeling of reading strategies by the teachers while students are actively engaged in reading trade books appropriate for their instructional level
What is guided reading
300
A pronunciation unit
What is a syllable
300
In this stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, students begin to engage in symbolic thought using symbols to stand for spoken words
What is the pre operational stage
300
small sound units
What is a phoneme
300
when students are able to segment words into their individual sounds they enter this stage where nearly every phoneme is represented by a grapheme
What is the phonetic stage
300
these clues are provided by the grammar or syntax of our language
What are syntactic cues (clues)
400
elements of speech such a rhythm and intonation that convey emotion
What is prosody
400
According to this theory, readers who can easily and rapidly recognize words can devote their attention to comprehending the text
What is the Verbal Efficiency Theory
400
The ability to identify phonemes, syllables, and individual words-phonemic awareness if a component of this
What is phonological awareness
400
When students understand that words cannot always be written the way they sound and they begin to use standard spelling patterns they enter this writing stage
What is the transitional stage
400
When students participate in reading and writing activities correlated to a book
What are shared-book experiences
500
the ability to think about language and manipulate it objectively
What is metalinguistic awareness
500
Many researchers have found that this type of instruction in skills and strategies benefits students who have difficultly grasping important reading and writing concepts on their own
what is direct-systematic instruction
500
the concept that words are composed of letters and letters represent speech sounds
What is the alphabetic principle
500
the final stage of developmental spelling where nearly all words are spelled correctly most of the time
What is the conventional stage
500
generally accepted concepts about reading and writing