Stated and Implied Main Ideas
Vocabulary
Purpose and Tone
Inference
Critical Reading
100
What is the difference between a stated main idea and an implied main idea?
In a stated main idea the author gives a general sentence that gives the main point for the whole paragraph. But an implied main idea is one that is inferred from supporting details.
100
What is it called when you use what is before and after a new word in a sentence to guess the meaning of the word?
Context
100
What is purpose?
The author's reason for writing.
100
What is inferencing?
Discovering the ideas that are not state directly in writing.
100
What are two ways you can tell if a sentence is fact or opinion?
Is it measurable? Does it use value words or modals that show opinion?
200
What are words that announce the main idea called? What are the words that announce a supporting detail?
List words-main idea addition words-supporting detail
200
What are the four strategies we discussed for guessing vocabulary in context?
Examples, synonyms, antonyms and general sense of the passage.
200
What is tone?
The author's attitude shown in a piece of writing.
200
What are simile and metaphor?
They are both a way that authors compare two things. Simile uses like or as and metaphor does not. Her eyes are like the moon. Her eyes are the moon.
200
What is propaganda? What are the six types?
Propaganda is a way that authors, advertisers, and politicians try to appeal to our emotions because they don't have enough support for their points. Bandwagon Testimonial Transfer Plain Folks Name Calling Generalities
300
What are the three questions we can ask ourselves when looking for the implied main idea?
What's the topic? What's the main point the author is trying to make about that topic? Does all or most of the material in the paragraph support this idea?
300
What kind of strategy can you use for this? Changes in such abilities as learning, reasoning, thinking and language are aspects of cognitive development.
Examples
300
What are three common types of purpose? Describe them.
Inform-to give information and facts Persuade-to convince the reader to agree with the author Entertain-to amuse, delight, appeal to reader's senses
300
What are the guidelines to inferring?
Find the facts and never lose sight of the available information. Use your background information and experience to help you infer. Consider the alternatives.
300
What is a logical fallacy? What are the six types?
It is an error in reasoning that takes the place of real support in an argument Circular reasoning Personal attack Straw man False cause False comparison Either-or
400
What are the three steps (strategies) to finding the main idea?
Find the topic, look for general v. specific ideas and look for key words like addition and list words.
400
What kind of strategy can you use for this? What's the clue? In the early days of automobile manufacturing, stringent laws controlled motorists' speed. In contrast, the laws designed to protect consumers from faulty products were extremely weak.
Antonym; in contrast
400
What tone is used in the following sentence? After seeing a terrible performance by an actor a man says, "Well that was an Oscar performance for sure."
Ironic-saying one thing but meaning another
400
What are the steps to inferring on a graph?
Look at the title, source, labels and captions.
400
What kind of propaganda is in the following sentence? Come one! Come all! Everybody's going to Linwood Furniture for the big eighth annual sale, so big we rented a tent to hold the crowds.
Bandwagon
500
What is the implied main idea of this paragraph? In nineteenth century America, people shared beds, both at homes with relatives and in hotels with strangers, without inquiring about their bed partner's health. They exchanged combs, hairbrushes and even toothbrushes; and they fed babies from their mouths and spoons, with no sense of danger. They coughed an sneezed, and spat without concern for their own health or the health of those around them. They cooked and stored meals with little worry about illness. They drank unfiltered water and often used the same cup. Last but not least, they used outhouses with little regard to where the contents went-even if it was in the community water supply.
Early Americans engaged in many behaviors that could have spread disease.
500
How do you use the strategy "general sense of the passage"; for example, how would you use this strategy on the following sentence? A former employee, irate over being fired, broke into the factory and wrecked several machines.
Ask a question about the passage, for example: how would an employee feel about being fired?
500
What's the purpose and tone of the following paragraph? Americans dearly love parks and wildlife refuges, but the horrible crowding they find there is a national disgrace. Parking lots are packed, and roadways through parks and refuges are often so jammed that they might as well be in the parking lots. Playing fields and barbecue grills are claimed early in the day and even on remote trails, annoying voices can be heard from every direction. Americans need more land devoted to open space where nature walks, picnics, and camping can take place in uncrowded tranquility. Communities across the nation should establish parks and trails that provide free access to open space for everyone.
Purpose-to persuade Tone-passionate, urgent, concerned
500
What can we infer from the passage? The Chicago Tribune once wrote that Henry Ford, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, was an ignorant man. Ford sued, challenging the paper to "prove it". During the trial, Ford was asked dozens of simple, general information questions: "When was the Civil War?" "Name the presidentfs of the US," and so on. Ford, who had little formal education, could answer very few. Finally, tired, he said, "I don't know the answers to those questions, but I could find a man in five minutes who does. I use my brain to think, not store up a lost of useless facts." ___Henry Ford was probably angered by the article. ___Ford frequently sued people. ___The Tribune won the case. ___Ford believe that knowing where to find the right answer is good enough. ___Ford believed that knowing how to think is more important than knowing facts.
___Henry Ford was probably angered by the article. ___Ford believe that knowing where to find the right answer is good enough. ___Ford believed that knowing how to think is more important than knowing facts.
500
What kind of logical fallacy is below? The mayor wants to allow liquor stores in town. He may not mind all those drug pushers around, but I certainly do.
Straw man
M
e
n
u