Deduction Thinking
Reasoning
a logical process where conclusions are drawn from given premises or statements by applying rules of inference.
Decision Making
is the cognitive process of selecting a course of action from among multiple alternatives.
Cognitive Biases
are systematic patterns of deviation from rationality in judgment and decision making.
EX. Reasoning
All mammals are warm-blooded. A cat is a mammal. Therefore, a cat is warm-blooded.
Types of D.M.
Rational decision making, bounded rationality, and Intuitive decision making
Examples of Cognitive Biases
Confirmation bias, anchoring bias, and availability heuristic.
Validity
refers to the soundness of the logical connections between premises and conclusions.
Types of Influential Factors
Cognitive biases, emotional influences, and cultural norms.
Impact on Decision Making
can lead to suboptimal decisions by distorting judgment, risk assessment, and information processing.
Syllogistic Reasoning
a form of deductive reasoning involving two premises and a conclusion, typically structured in the form "All A is B, C is A, therefore C is B."
Types D.M. Models
Expected Utility Theory, Prospect Theory, and Dual-Process Theory.
Heuristics in Decision Making
mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that simplify decision making by reducing the cognitive effort required.
Role in Problem Solving
crucial in problem-solving tasks, particularly in domains such as mathematics, logic, and philosophy.
Daily Applications
Within various contexts, including personal, professional, and social settings. Decisions range from mundane choices to complex choices.
Addressing Cognitive Biases
Techniques such as debiasing strategies, critical thinking skills, and decision analysis can help mitigate the influence of cognitive biases on decision making.