Multiple Choice
What Treaty are we on?
Treaty 4
During Treaty negotiations, the First Nations asked the government to place them on reserves.
False.
Finish the sentence:
"As long as the ________ _______, the grass grows, and the _____ _______"
"As long as the sun shines, the grass grows and the river flows."
Define Stereotype
Judging a group or population based off of the limited interactions of one individual. Widely oversimplified images of a person or group of people.
How many Treaties are represented in Saskatchewan?
6
The term “Crown” refers to who/what?
The Federal Government of Canada
We are all Treaty People. And as inhabitants of Saskatchewan, we all benefit from the Treaties.
True
Is there a bias in history? Is so, why?
Answers may vary.
Define reconciliation.
The restoration or repairing of friendly relations.
What significant method do the First Nations use to transmit their teachings and ways of life?
Oral Tradition
What is a Treaty?
A solemn, mutually beneficial agreement between two sovereign nations.
The settlers came up with the idea of Treaties and forced Indigenous people into Treaty negotiations.
There are four different types of Treaties that we discussed in class. What are these four types of Treaties?
Peace and Friendship
Pre-Confederation Treaties
Post-Confederation (Numbered Treaties)
Modern Treaties
The process where individuals or groups of differing cultures are absorbed into the culture of another “superior” culture.
The two-row wampum belt is an example of what kind of Treaties?
Peace and Friendship Treaties
When was the first residential school in Canada opened? And when was the last one closed?
1831 and 1996
The First Nations agreed to sign the Treaties with the Crown because the buffalo were disappearing, foreign diseases like smallpox and tuberculosis were damaging tribes, and the rapid arrival of Europeans/Newcomers settling on their lands.
True.
How did each party view the Treaties?
Indg - As entering into a relationship and sharing the land.
Define colonialism.
The policy or practice of gaining control over another country occupying it with settlers and exploiting it economically.
What benefits did the Newcomers receive through the Treaty negotiations?
All of the above
First Nations believe there are outstanding issues related to Treaties. Generally related to:
Land and resources, Education, Health Care, Governance
Treaties with First Nations were seen as a way to open up more land for more settlement and stop pressure from the United States to push the American border more South.
False
What is the two-row wampum belt and what do each of its symbols represent?
The 3 white lines represent Peace, Respect, and Friendship.
The two purple or blue lines represent two vessels. One for the Indigenous ways of life. The other for the settlers ways of life. They are both travelling down the path of life in harmony, not trying to steer each others vessel.
The vehicle of colonization for Indigenous people. In these institutions, Indigenous people were stripped of their identity and cultures.
After confederation, the Canadian government passed the Indian Act of 1876 without consulting with the First Nations. The two main goals of this early colonial policy were to:
Assimilate and Civilize