Admendments
What are the Reconstruction Amendments?
The 13th, 14th, and 15th
Who created the Black Codes?
Southern legislatures (or the south)
Whose plan was called The 10% Plan?
Lincoln
Who was assassinated within their precedency and by whom?
Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth
What is Sharecropping?
- Freed African Americans or poor whites got to "rent" land, tools, and seeds to farm.
- They had to give 50% to 70/80% back to the landowners
"all persons born or naturalized in the United States" can become citizens and protected under the law?
14th Amendment
What was the purpose of The Black Codes?
Southern state governments created them to restrict the rights of formal slaves
What were the "Jim Crow" Laws?
State laws created in the south after reconstruction to make segregation official
Who were the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and what was their purpose?
- white supremacy group
- intimidate African Americans and white people who were on their side
What is suffrage?
The right to vote
What was the 13th Amendment and was it successful?
- Abolish slavery in the United States
- No, because sharecropping toke place of slavery
Which bill nullified (make illegal/void) the Black Codes and guaranteed full citizenship and equal rights to African Americans?
Civil Rights Bill
What was the Wade-Davis bill?
Congress (not the president) would be in charge of letting former confederate states back into the Union
Who was Hiram Revels and why is he important to reconstruction?
- Senator
- First African American to serve in the U.S. Congress
What does the word Ratify mean?
To formally approve or agree on something which makes it official
(consent, or to sign to make something legal)
Which amendment did southern states adopt literacy tests and poll taxes? And why?
15th amendment
- because they did not want African Americans to vote
What are the main Black Codes? (3 from packet)
- African Americans could not rent or borrow money to buy land
- Freedman were forced to sign work contracts
- African Americans could not testify against whites in court
What was the Amnesty Act and what did it allow?
- Removed restrictions on ex-confederates
- Allowed them to run and/or hold official seats again
What was the historical significance of Plessy V. Ferguson case? (what was acceptably now and how long did it last after the case?)
- the ruling stated that "separate but equal" was acceptable
- segregation was accepted for 50 years more after this ruling
Who were the Carpetbaggers and why did the south not like them?
- Northerners who moved south after the Civil War
- they thought there were only coming to the south to make money
In order for African Americans to vote (15th Admen.), what were the 3 steps they had to do/take?
- Pay the "poll taxes"
- Pass a literacy test (about the Constitution) and explain what it meant
- Not be killed by the KKK for trying to vote
What were the four common black codes in the south?
- African Americans could not marry white people
- African Americans could not vote
- African Americans could be whipped, imprisoned, or fined for not having a job
- African Americans were banned from certain communities to live
What was the 3 main points of Johnson's plan?
- To give amnesty to the southerners
- recognized Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana
- other states could re-enter the union
Who was General Sherman and what did he promise to give the freed slaves that followed his army?
- General in the Union Army during the American Civil War
- Promised 40 acres of land and a mule
What does Impeach mean & which president was impeached because they "broke" the Tenure of Office Act?
- to charge a public official with a crime/misconduct
- Andrew Johnson