Key Figures
Which president began reconstruction?
Abraham Lincoln
Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?
13th Amendment
What was the primary purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau, established in 1865?
To help former slaves and poor whites transition to freedom after the Civil War
What crop was most commonly grown in the South before and after the Civil War, keeping the economy largely agricultural?
Cotton
What was the primary goal of President Abraham Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan for Reconstruction?
To reintegrate Southern states into the Union quickly and with minimal punishment
Which general led the Union army and became the 18th President of the United States after the Civil War?
Ulysses S. Grant
Which amendment granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S., including former slaves?
14th Amendment
Which group of people did the Freedmen's Bureau specifically aim to assist during Reconstruction?
Newly freed blacks and poor whites
What system, in which landowners provided land to tenants in exchange for a portion of the crops, was used in the South during Reconstruction?
Sharecropping
The impeachment of which president occurred during Reconstruction, stemming from his conflict with Congress over Reconstruction policies?
Andrew Johnson
Who was the first African American U.S. Senator, elected during Reconstruction?
Hiram Revels
Which amendment gave African American men the right to vote?
15th Amendment
What was one of the challenges the Freedmen's Bureau faced in providing aid to former slaves?
Limited funding and resistance from local governments
What group of people made up most of the sharecroppers?
Poor whites
What law divided the South into military districts to oversee the implementation of Reconstruction?
Which former slave became a prominent abolitionist and writer during Reconstruction?
Frederick Douglass
The 14th Amendment included a provision that reduced representation for any state that denied voting rights to its male citizens. What is this provision called?
The "representation" clause
In which southern state did the Freedmen's Bureau face severe opposition from local governments and white citizens?
Mississippi
What was the term for the system where white landowners would lend money or goods to African Americans, often putting them into debt they could never repay?
Debt peonage
Which act, passed by Congress in 1867, required Southern states to ratify the 14th Amendment and grant voting rights to African Americans before they could rejoin the Union?
Military Reconstruction Act
Who was the radical Republican senator from Massachusetts known for pushing for harsh Reconstruction policies?
Charles Sumner
The 15th Amendment guarantees voting rights for men of all races, but what group was still excluded from voting in many states during Reconstruction?
Women
Which African American educator and leader became the head of the Freedmen's Bureau’s educational efforts?
Booker T. Washington
What was the impact of the Civil War on the South's economy, particularly in relation to its reliance on enslaved labor?
The South became economically devastated, lacking infrastructure and the labor force of enslaved people
Which group, founded in 1865, became notorious for its violent opposition to Reconstruction and the civil rights of African Americans?
Ku Klux Klan