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In what years did Reconstruction take place?
What did the 10% Plan require Southern states to do
10% of voters had to take a loyalty oath to the Union. Then the state could rejoin the United States.
What were Black Codes?
Laws passed in the South to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans.
Name two ways the Freedmen’s Bureau helped people.
Provided education and helped people find jobs (also food, shelter, and legal support).
What right did the 15th Amendment give?
The right to vote regardless of race (for men).
Why did the United States need Reconstruction after the Civil War?
How did Lincoln’s plan treat former Confederates?
It was lenient and offered forgiveness (amnesty) to many former Confederates.
How did Black Codes affect African Americans?
They restricted jobs, movement, and basic rights, making life similar to slavery in some ways.
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 do?
It granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to African Americans.
How did African Americans participate in government during Reconstruction?
They voted and held political offices at local, state, and national levels.
What condition was the South in after the Civil War ended?
The South was devastated, with destroyed cities, farms, and infrastructure. Its economy was weak and struggling.
What happened to Abraham Lincoln in 1865?
He was assassinated.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
Members of Congress who wanted strict Reconstruction and full equality for African Americans.
What does the 14th Amendment guarantee?
Citizenship for all born in the U.S. and equal protection under the law.
What was sharecropping?
A system where farmers worked land and paid with a share of their crops.
What were the three main goals of Reconstruction?
Rebuild the South, readmit Southern states, and protect the rights of freedmen.
Who became president after Lincoln?
Andrew Johnson
What did Radical Republicans want for Reconstruction?
They wanted to punish the South and ensure equal rights for freedmen.
How did the Reconstruction Acts change the South?
They divided the South into military districts and required new state constitutions that protected rights.
Why was sharecropping a problem for many freedmen?
It kept them in debt and limited their economic independence.
What was Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction called?
The 10% Plan
How did Andrew Johnson’s plan differ from Congress’s ideas?
Johnson’s plan was lenient, while Congress (Radical Republicans) wanted stricter policies and more protection for freedmen.
What was the purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau?
To help formerly enslaved people adjust to freedom.
Why was Andrew Johnson impeached?
He violated the Tenure of Office Act by removing a government official without approval.
What challenges did the Southern economy face after the war?
Destruction, poverty, slow recovery, and reliance on agriculture.