Reconstruction
What was one of the major goals of Reconstruction?
Rebuild the South, Have the South rejoin the Union, OR Establish and protect the rights of former slaves
What were formerly enslaved peoples referred to as?
Freedmen
The Bessemer process helped produce what metal more efficiently?
Steel
Leaders of big business were called either Captains of Industry or Robber Barons, name one of them.
Rockefeller, Carnegie, Morgan, Vanderbilt, Ford, etc.
Name one country that a large number of people emigrated from, for opportunities in America in the late 1800's.
Ireland, Italy, Greece, Poland, Russia, China, and/or Mexico
What was the "near slave-like" system of farming that many former slaves turned to for work?
Sharecropping
What were many former slaves prevented from owning in the South?
Land
Fill in the blanks: The growth of ___________________ (form of travel) led to Westward expansion, and the relocation of _______________ peoples.
railroads, Indigenous
What groups would fights for the rights of workers who were being exploited?
Double Points: What is it called when these groups organize workers to protest and cease working until demand s are met?
Labor Unions
Double Points: A Strike
Name 2 cities that emerged during the Gilded Age as new cities or economic/cultural powerhouses.
New York City, Chicago, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, San Francisco
Fill in the blank: The 14th amendment guaranteed citizenship and equal ___________ under the law.
Double Points: What does "equal __________ under the law" mean.
Protection
Definition: The law treats all citizens equally regardless of other factors such as race.
The KKK is a white supremacist group that formed after the civil war to torment and harass black people, while preventing them from exercising their rights. What does "KKK" stand for?
Ku Klux Klan
What is one cultural/ethnic group that is primarily responsible for the completion of the Transcontinental RR?
Chinese OR Irish Immigrants
What is one group, other than men, who were known to work in factories for long hours and with no protections?
Children/Child laborers
Immigrants were often and unfairly blamed for the poor sanitation/hygiene of cities and "affordable housing" that lead to illness outbreaks and poor health. What were some of these issues?
Lack of waste disposal/garbagemen, lack of/limited sewage system, cramped/unhealthy living conditions, etc.
Fill in the blank: Radical Republicans in Congress wanted to __________ the South for their treason/betrayal.
Punish
Name two ways black citizens were prevented from voting.
Barred entry, literacy test, poll tax, land ownership requirements, intimidation, ID requirements, etc.
How did the completion of the Transcontinental RR impact the movements/travel of goods and people?
Encouraged people to move because travel times were shorter keeping families close, materials and manufactured goods could be moved much more quickly speeding up both production and distribution, allowed individuals the ability to commute much farther away to work. etc.
What is one environmental effect of the rapid growth of factories and industry?
Air pollution/smog, polluted rivers with chemical dumping, poor sanitation/waste management, etc.
How did the growth of cities, factories, and electricity change people relationship with their work/jobs?
Lived closer, worked more hours, worked later due to loightulbs, etc.
During Reconstruction, the South was divided into ___ (fill in a number) federal/military/regional (pick one) districts, each under the control of a general.
5; military
Who was the female activist working to expose the racism and discrimination in the South through her journalism, which she published in the newspaper she owned?
Ida B. Wells
What is the term to describe the "dream" of an America that stretches from the East Coast, all the way to the West Coast?
Manifest Destiny
What factory work method/technique was responsible for a rapid increase in efficiency and required specialized workers (but less skilled) who did one thing over and over, and everyone did their "one thing" before moving the product "down the line"?
Assembly lines
What city did Jane Addams establish the "Hull House", which provided support and legal services to immigrants and was the first tenement housing in the country?
Chicago