Rebuilding the South
What government agency was created to help freedpeople with food, jobs, and education?
Freedmen's Bureau
What did Lincoln’s 10% Plan require from Southern states?
10% of voters had to swear loyalty to the Union and abolish slavery
What amendment made freedpeople citizens and gave them equal protection under the law?
14th
What were white Southern Republicans called by their opponents?
Scalawags
Why did Northern support for Reconstruction fade in the 1870s?
Northerners grew tired of reform and focused on their own issues
What amendment ended slavery throughout the United States?
13th
How was the Wade-Davis Bill different from Lincoln’s plan?
It required a majority of voters to swear loyalty and was much stricter
What amendment gave African American men the right to vote?
15th
What were Northerners who moved South during Reconstruction called?
Carpetbaggers
What officially ended Reconstruction in 1877?
The Compromise of 1877
What problems did the South face immediately after the Civil War?
Destroyed cities, damaged economy, and freedpeople without homes or work
How did Andrew Johnson’s plan treat former Confederate leaders?
It gave many pardons and allowed them to return to power
Who were the Radical Republicans, and what did they want?
Members of Congress who wanted to punish the South and protect freedpeople’s rights
Name two African American leaders who served in the U.S. Senate during Reconstruction.
Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce
What did President Hayes agree to do as part of the Compromise of 1877?
Remove federal troops from the South
What was the main goal of Reconstruction?
To reunite the nation and rebuild the South after the Civil War
Why did Radical Republicans oppose Johnson’s plan?
It failed to protect the rights of freedpeople and was too lenient
Why was President Andrew Johnson impeached?
He opposed Congress’s Reconstruction policies and violated the Tenure of Office Act
What organization used violence to stop African Americans from voting?
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
What voting restrictions were used to keep African Americans from voting?
Poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses
What was the purpose of the Black Codes?
To restrict African Americans’ rights and keep them as cheap labor
What did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 do?
Divided the South into military districts and required new state constitutions including Black voting rights
How did Ulysses S. Grant win the election of 1868?
With strong support from African American voters in the South
What was sharecropping, and how did it affect African Americans?
Farming land in exchange for a share of crops; it trapped many in debt and poverty
What laws enforced segregation in the South after Reconstruction?
Jim Crow laws