Law & Legal Changes
Vocabulary
Cause & Effect
Segregation
Politics & Government
100
This Amendment, which was adopted on December 6, 1865 while the Federal government was made almost entirely of Republicans, abolished slavery and involuntary servitude.
What is the 13th Amendment?
100
This name was adopted for people who were formerly enslaved.
What is a freedman?
100
After the 13th Amendment made slave codes illegal, these were created to replace them and functioned in an identical way.
What were black codes?
100
Former Confederates were denied the right to vote in federal elections, which led many of them to be angry and scared as they watched formerly enslaved people gain political power. They responded by creating these two white terrorist groups, whose goal was to instill fear into freedmen and those who supported them.
What are the Ku Klux Klan and the White League?
100
This man became President after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln and held the Presidency through most of the Reconstruction period.
Who is Andrew Johnson?
200
This is what the 15th Amendment said.
What is that no one can be denyed the right to vote due to race or previous servitude?
200
These were Northerners who went South to participate in Reconstruction, often with the intent to gain money or political power.
Who were carpetbaggers?
200
These are two effects of the black codes.
What are limit the rights of freedmen, provide workers for plantation owners, keep freedmen at the bottom of the social order
200
This Act, vetoed by Johnson and overruled by Congress, made black codes illegal by declaring freedmen full citizens with the same rights as whites.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
200
These are two things Southern states were required to do in order to re-enter the Union.
What are ratify the 14th and 15th Amendment, elect a new state government where Blacks were allowed to participate, rewrite their state constitutions, repeal the act of secession, or cancel war debts.
300
Although the Civil Rights Act of 1866 had already passed, there was concern that later Congressional decisions could weaken the law, so Congress passed this Constitutional Amendment that overruled the Supreme Court’s ruling in the Dred Scott case and made any person born in the United States citizens, including previously enslaved people, and protected the civil and political rights of all Americans.
What is the 14th Amendment?
300
These White Southerners were seen as traitors to their race because they supported the Federal Government, controlled by Republicans, instead of Southern Democrats.
Who were scalawags?
300
In response to the 15th Amendment, many Southern states required potential voters to complete these two tasks, which were nearly impossible for most Blacks, in order to exercise their right to vote.
What are pass literacy tests and pay a poll tax?
300
This political party generally did not support increased rights for freedmen.
Who were the Southern Democrats?
300
This was the resolution for the disputed Presidential election of 1876, called the Compromise of 1877, which effectively ended the Federal government’s role in Reconstruction.
Hayes, a Republican, would be allowed to take office, but in return federal troops would be taken out of the South (end of Military Reconstruction Act), in effect turning state governments back over to Southern Democrats.
400
These are three of the five parts of the Military Reconstruction Act.
What is 1) split the South into 5 military districts, 2) each district was governed by General with federal troops 3) ex-Confederates could not vote 4) new state governments formed by Southerners loyal to the Union 5) Johnson’s lenient state government plan was declared illegal
400
This organization provided food, medical care, and educational services to Black and White people in the South during Reconstruction.
What was the Freedmen’s Bureau?
400
This court case allowed that “separate but equal” facilities were allowed under the 14th Amendment and caused Jim Crow Laws to proliferate in the North and South.
What is Plessy vs. Ferguson?
400
This excused poor Whites from poll taxes or literacy tests because certain members of their family could vote before the passage of the 15th Amendment.
What is the grandfather clause?
400
This is the reason why the Republicans were in control of the federal government before Reconstruction and during Federal Reconstruction.
Southern states, mostly supported by Southern Democrats, had seceded and were not part of the United States government during the Civil War.
500
These were unenforced laws passed during Reconstruction in response to white terrorism that made it illegal to prevent another person from voting by using bribery, force, or scare tactics.
What were the Enforcement Acts?
500
This was one of the few occupations allowed freedmen after the Civil War and involved a freedman going into debt to rent land from a plantation owner with the assumption that he would receive payment for his labor, once his debt was settled. However, a dishonest practice prevented most laborers from ever making more than was owed.
What is sharecropping?
500
This is the court case that was overturned by the passage of the 14th Amendment.
What is the Dred Scott case?
500
These laws, which existed from Reconstruction until 1954, created separate facilities, from busses and train cars to movie entrances and water fountains, for Blacks and Whites.
What are Jim Crow Laws?
500
This man, President after Johnson, was the first US President to be elected after the US had outlawed slavery and given citizenship to freedmen.
Who was Ulysses S. Grant?
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