Reconstruction in Georgia
This group used violence and intimidation to scare African Americans away from participating in society, especially exercising their right to vote.
What was the Ku Klux Klan?
This group of 3 Democratic leaders dominated Georgia politics for 20 years during the New South Era-
Who were the Bourbon Triumvirate?
Term meaning laws that separated races in public places-
What is segregation (aka Jim Crow Laws)?
The event where false reports of assaults led to days of racial violence in Atlanta in 1906, and led to the deepening of racial segregation throughout the city?
What is the Atlanta Race Riot (aka the Atlanta Massacre)?
Famous Atlanta businessman and entrepreneur who began by opening a series of barbershops throughout Atlanta before founding the Atlanta Mutual Life Insurance Company.
Who was Alonzo Herndon?
This group was formed to assist former slaves by building schools, providing food, and helped prevent African Americans from being denied the right to vote-
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
1. This political party supported poor farmers, lower taxes, and rural interests.
2. This individual was the leader of this political party during the New South era.
1. What is the Populist (aka People's) party?
2. Who is Tom Watson?
The Supreme Court case that made segregation legal under “separate but equal.” This segregated every aspect of life in the South.
What was Plessy v. Ferguson?
Georgia case involving the murder of Mary Phagan and the lynching of a Jewish factory manager.
This leader was the founder of the Tuskegee Institute who promoted education and job skills first, before fighting for civil rights?
Who is Booker T. Washington?
1. Which Reconstruction plan focused on readmitting former Confederate states to the Union ASAP?
2. Which Reconstruction plan focused on protecting the rights of formerly enslaved people?
1. What was Presidential Reconstruction?
2. What was Congressional Reconstruction?
1.Which TWO industries were expanded and supported by the Bourbons?
2. TRUE or FALSE- The Bourbon Triumvirate's policies greatly restricted the rights of African Americans.
1. What is railroads and mining?
2. TRUE
This term means to try and stop someone from voting-
What is disenfranchisement?
The result of the Leo Frank case was an increase in the rise of this form of hatred (specifically towards the Jewish community)-
What is Anti-Semitism?
Leader who disagreed with Washington and demanded immediate civil rights and higher education for the “Talented Tenth.”
Who is W.E.B DuBois?
Provide the main differences between tenant farming & sharecropping (should be 3 main points on either side).
Tenant Farming- Mostly Poor whites, usually owned their own tools, could make a small profit, rarely stuck in debt.
Sharecropping- Mostly former slaves, did not own any tools or supplies, almost always stuck in a cycle of debt (new form of slavery).
1. This individual was allied with the Bourbon Triumvirate & was the editor of the newspaper the "Atlanta Journal Constitution". He used this newspaper to push for Industrialization in the South-
2. Why would Tom Watson & the Populist Party have been very critical of Henry Grady during this time?
1. Who was Henry Grady?
2. For putting industry over the needs and interests of poor farmers.
What was the MAIN goal of disenfranchisement laws in Georgia?
To prevent African Americans from voting and gaining political power
The Leo Frank case helped lead to the rebirth of this white supremacist organization.
What is the Ku Klux Klan?
The 1906 Atlanta Race Riot inspired this African American leader to immediately fight for expanding social and political rights for African Americans.
Who is W.E.B DuBois?
List out the 3 key amendments that were passed during the Reconstruction era, and explain what each amendment accomplished.
13th amendment- abolished slavery in the US
14th amendment- granted African Americans citizenship & equal protection under the law
15th amendment- granted all men (including African Americans) the right to vote
What events took place in Atlanta during the New South era that were very successful in attracting Northern investment to Georgia?
What were the Atlanta Cotton Expositions?
Provide at least 2 methods of Disenfranchisement used against African Americans during the New South era AND explain each method that you choose.
Examples-
Poll Taxes- A tax placed on voting (most African Americans were poor & couldn't afford the tax to vote)
Literacy Tests- test given to prove a 5th grade education level. Most African Americans had no education & were required to take the test, which was a trick test that was basically impossible to pass.
Grandfather Clause- any person who's father or grandfather could vote before the Civil War could immediately vote without paying a poll tax or take a Literacy Test (no African Americans had the right to vote before the Civil War, so this only helped out White Southerners).
White Primary- Only white southerners could vote in the state's primary election to choose their political party representative in the General election. African Americans had no say in who their parties candidate would be, and the candidate picked would very rarely care about helping African Americans at all.
Other examples- Gerrymandering, The county unit system
This individual launched a print campaign against Leo Frank through his newspaper, the "Jeffersonian." He would put Anti-Sematic propaganda in his newspaper, leading to the rise in hate towards the Jewish Community.
Who is Tom Watson?
During his speech at the Atlanta Cotton Exposition, this leader focused on telling African Americans to advance themselves through education, and becoming productive members of society.
Who is Booker T. Washington?