Terms
an emancipated slave
Freedmen
Ten Percent
This agency helped African Americans adjust to life after slavery by providing food, medical care, creation of schools, and helping them get land or find a job.
Freedmen's Bureau
A tax a person must pay in order to vote
Poll Tax
The issues with President Grant and the Panic of 1873 caused what change in the government?
Democrats regained control of Southern Governments
Who are the presidents during the Reconstruction Era?
Lincoln, Johnson, Grant and Hayes
How did someone become a citizen of the United States?
They are born in the US or naturalized.
a member of government favoring harsh measures against the southern states in the period following the Civil War.
Radical Republican
What was the main goal of Lincoln's Plan?
Reunite the nation as quickly as possible
What is the 13th Amendment?
Slavery is illegal in the United States
Prevented African-Americans and poor whites from voting because they had little to no education.
Literacy Test
Who were the candidates in the Election of 1876?
Samuel Tilden and Rutherford B. Hayes
Why was the KKK created?
To deal with the fact that African-American recieved the right to vote.
Why was Homer Plessy arrested?
He sat in the whites-only part of the train even though he was 1/8th black.
Laws that divided the South into 5 districts and were controlled by a US military commander.
Reconstruction Acts
Which plan required 50% of the voters in the state to take an oath in order to return to the Union?
Radical Reconstruction/Wade-Davis Bill
What is the 14th Amendment?
All people born or naturalized in the United States are citizens and protected by the Constitution.
Allowed people to vote if their fathers or grandfathers had voted before Reconstruction
Grandfather Clause
What did the Compromise of 1877 do?
Allowed Hayes to become President if the Republicans agreed to remove/withdraw troops from the South
What two laws/changes did President Johnson veto because he thought they were unconstitional?
Freedmen's Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866
What was President Johnson's stance on African Americans?
He didn't see them as equal or that they deserved equal rights.
Southerners who joined the Republican Party during Reconstruction.
Scalawags
What was the major issue with Johnson's Plan?
Created tension between Johnson and Republicans in Congress.
What is the 15th Amendment?
All men are allowed to vote no matter their race, color or background.
What is the importance of the Plessy v. Ferguson Case?
It legalized segregation in the United States and pushed the idea/policy of "Separate But Equal".
How did the Compromise of 1877 help Southern Democrats?
They regained control of the South and restricted the rights of African-Americans through Jim Crow Laws.
How did African Americans gaining the right to vote change governments in the United States?
African Americans were elected to government positions and the South was rebuilt after the war.
Who was responsible for the death of President Lincoln?
John Wilkes Booth
These laws made it illegal to intervene with individuals' ability to vote in the US.
Enforcement Acts
What was the same in Lincoln and Johnson's Plan?
They both wanted to reunite the coutry as quick as possible and they were lenient.
What was the purpose of passing the Reconstruction Amendments after the Civil War? (2 Answers are required)
Improve life for former slaves and stop Southern governments from taking away the freedoms/liberties of African-Americans
How did the Jim Crow Laws change life in the United States?
This led to segregation in public places between whites and African Americans.
Why did the Ku Klux Klan remain powerful during Reconstruction?
They terrorized African-Americans and Republicans which would stop them from voting or standing up from themselves.
Name two positives of Reconstruction.
Radical Republicans' effort to improve life for AAs, Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction Acts, Reconstruction Amendments, Enforcement Act, KKK Act, Education for AAs and poor whites
Which form of work for African Americans was seen as a replacement for slavery?
Sharecropping
This agreement led to the end of Reconstruction by allowing the Southern states to establish new laws to separate people based on the color of their skin.
Compromise of 1877
What did the Radical Republicans want to add to their plan that Lincoln and Johnson did not agree with?
Civil rights for African Americans
What law did Johnson break that led him to be impeached?
Tenure of Office Act
What is the difference between the Black Codes and Jim Crow Laws?
Black Codes were laws created by Southern States to restrict the freedoms of African Americans.
Jim Crow Laws were laws that segregated Whites and African-Americans in public places.
Why did President Grant pass the Enforcement Act and the KKK Act?
To protect the voting rights of African Americans
Name two negatives of Reconstruction.
How did "slavery" still exist under the 13th Amendment?
If you commit a crime, your punishment will be close to slavery.