Vocab
The period from 1865-1877 when the U.S. rebuilt the South and decided the status of formerly enslaved people.
What is Reconstruction?
About this many Americans died in the Civil War.
What is over 600,000?
This Reconstruction plan required only 10% of a state's 1860 voters to take a loyalty oath.
What is Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan?
This amendment ended slavery, but Black Codes recreated many forms of control through new laws.
What is the 13th Amendment?
This compromise ended Reconstruction by removing federal troops from the South.
What is the Compromise of 1877?
Taking away someone's right to vote.
What is Disenfranchisement?
About this many people were enslaved in the United States in 1860.
What is 4 million?
This bill required a majority of voters to take an Ironclad Oath.
What is the Wade-Davis Bill?
This Supreme Court case ruled that Black Americans could never be U.S. citizens.
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford?
This Mississippi provision allowed registration officers to judge whether answers were "satisfactory."
What is the Understanding Clause?
The government's duty to follow fair legal procedures before taking rights, liberty, or property.
What is Due Process?
These Republicans wanted a quick and lenient reunion with the South.
Who were the Moderate Republicans?
Under the Wade-Davis Bill, this branch had final approval for readmission.
What is Congress?
This amendment's citizenship clause was written to reverse Dred Scott.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This labor system trapped workers in debt because nothing could be sold until debts were paid.
What is sharecropping?
Federal laws passed in 1870-71 to protect Black citizens' voting rights and safety.
What are the Enforcement Acts?
These Republicans wanted strong protections for freed people before full reunion.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
Besides readmission, Moderates and Radicals disagreed about voting rights, civil rights, treatment of Confederate leaders, land and economic aid, and this broader issue.
What is the federal role in the South?
This amendment stated that voting rights could not be denied based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What is the 15th Amendment?
According to the study guide, both Black Codes and sharecropping controlled Black labor through different methods.
What were Black Codes and sharecropping?
State and local laws that enforced racial segregation.
What are Jim Crow Laws?
Name one of the three major post-war challenges identified in the study guide.
What is rebuilding the South, meeting freed people's needs, or dealing with Southern resistance/white supremacy?
This oath used in the Wade-Davis Bill was stricter than the loyalty oath in Lincoln's plan.
What is the Ironclad Oath?
More than this number of Black men were elected to state legislatures soon after the 15th Amendment.
What is over 600?
This group continued using violence to suppress Black voter turnout even after the Enforcement Acts were passed.
What is the KKK?