Referencing
Another word for citation (9 letters)
Another word for citation is: Reference
You spent 3 hours finishing your assessment task on the weekend. It is the best work you have done in a long time. You go to submit it, and you have forgotten to add the bibliography.
Could this be considered a breach of academic integrity?
Yes, this is a breach of academic integrity. Working hard on a task is not an excuse.
You must always include a bibliography with your work.
Is it plagiarism?
You find a great source for research on the internet. The site has no 'author' so you copy the information and use it in your assignment. Is this plagiarism?
YES, this is considered plagiarism.
This is because ALL sources used to develop your understanding of the content, must be cited/references correctly.
Paraphrase this...
A man attacked a police officer in London today (BBC, 2000).
A police officer was attacked by a man in London today (BBC, 2000). (Passive voice)
What referencing style are you expected to use during your Pre-sessional at Durham?
The Harvard referencing style
You forgot that your assessment was due in tomorrow! You have heard that you could use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to do the work for you. Although you don't want it to do all the work, you are tempted to use it to complete some of the essay.
Is this a breach of academic integrity?
Yes, this is still considered a breach of academic integrity.
Is this plagiarism?
Including a fact that is generally well known without using a reference, e.g. a common word's definition; "the sky is blue"; "children grow up"
This is NOT plagiarism (but it IS bad academic practice).
Paraphrase...
The advancement of modern medicine can only be achieved through extensive research (Jones, 2008)
Jones (2008) argues that medical science can only be improved through large amounts of research.
Jones (2008) notes that we can only improve our medical knowledge by focusing on research. (Synonyms).
What information do you need about a text to make an in-text citation?
The Surname and the Year of publication
What is plagiarism?
Plagiarism is using someone else's ideas, words, or work without giving them proper credit and presenting it as your own. You can acknowledge someone else's work by including a reference/ citation as well as in your bibliography.
Is it plagiarism?
Your friend did a similar assessment task on another Pre-Sessional. He gives you permission to copy his work and hand it in as your own.
YES, this is plagiarism.
If you hand in the work of another student, even if they gave you permission, you are actually plagiarising. Furthermore, this is a case of academic misconduct and can have serious consequences.
Paraphrase this:
In-vitro meat is grown in a tank by culturing muscle cells from a living animal and enhancing them with artificial proteins (Fletcher, 2013).
Fletcher (2013) discusses how scientists enhance animal muscle cells with artificial proteins to create in-vitro meat.
[Sentence order is backwards, changed verb tense]
What referencing website do you have free access through your Durham email?
Cite Them Right
What are 2-3 common forms of plagiarism?
1. copying and pasting from a source
2. paraphrasing and using someone else's work as your own without acknowledgement with a citation or reference
3. paraphrasing with no reference
Is this plagiarism?
Using spell check or grammar check on Microsoft word (or equivalent)
No, this is NOT plagiarism.
Paraphrase this:
The rise of email and a online communication systems mean that conventional letter-post delivery services are under pressure as never before (Fletcher, 2013)
Fletcher (2013) argues that traditional delivery services are threatened by online communication platforms.
[Synonyms, sentence is backwards]
What are the four types of referencing that we discussed today?
End of sentence citation (Surname, Year)
Author-prominent (According to Surname (Year)
Direct Quotation
Secondary Citation
Is self-plagiarism considered a breach of academic integrity?
Yes, self-plagiarism, which involves submitting your own previously submitted work for credit in another context without proper reference or citation, is a breach of academic integrity.
Is it plagiarism?
You hand in an essay where almost every line is a direct quotation from a source. In fact, you have done a lot of reading for this assignment. You have referenced these sources correctly (quotation marks and citation).
YES, this is considered plagiarism.
In many cases, where the majority of the response is in the words of others, your work may be considered as plagiarised as you have relied too heavily on the words and ideas of others. Even though you have referenced accurately.
Paraphrase this:
Since its beginnings in the 1950's, involvement in human space travel has been strictly limited to giant government agencies such as NASA (Small, 2013).
Small (2013) states that space exploration has been limited to large public organisations, such as NASA, since the mid-1900's.
[synonyms, sentence order changed, simplified]