Reform Movements
What was the Second Great Awakening?
A religious revival that encouraged people to seek personal salvation and reform society.
Who is known as the “Father of American Education”?
Horace Mann
What was the goal of the abolition movement?
To end slavery in the United States.
What was the Seneca Falls Convention?
The first women’s rights meeting in the U.S.
What is transcendentalism?
A belief in listening to your inner voice to decide right from wrong.
In which areas did Dorothea Dix fight for change?
Prison conditions and mental health care.
What did William Lloyd Garrison publish?
The Liberator, an anti-slavery newspaper.
What did Frederick Douglass publish?
The North Star, an anti-slavery newspaper.
What were the two goals of the women’s rights movement?
Equal treatment of women and the right to vote (suffrage).
Who led the transcendentalism movement?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
What was the goal of the temperance movement?
To limit the consumption of alcohol due to its negative effects.
What was Harriet Beecher Stowe’s contribution to abolition?
She wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin, exposing the harsh realities of slavery.
What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad?
To help slaves escape to freedom using secret paths and hiding places.
Who worked to improve women’s rights in the 1800s?
Susan B. Anthony
What book did Henry David Thoreau write?
Walden
What was the main goal of the education reform movement?
Free, mandatory schooling for all children.
Who was the most famous conductor on the Underground Railroad?
Harriet Tubman
What nickname was Harriet Tubman given?
“Moses”
What document was approved at the Seneca Falls Convention?
The Declaration of Sentiments
Why did factory owners hire women and children?
They could be paid less than men.
What is civil disobedience?
Peacefully refusing to obey a law as a form of protest.
Which two women organized the Seneca Falls Convention?
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott
Which amendment protected William Lloyd Garrison’s right to publish The Liberator?
The First Amendment (freedom of speech/press)
How were women viewed in the 1800s?
As caretakers who shouldn’t vote, work, or serve on juries.
What changes did labor reformers demand?
Better pay, safer conditions, and a 10-hour work day.