Section 1
What was the primary cause of the Protestant Reformation?
Sale of indulgences
What was the name of the English Queen that helped established the Church of England?
Elizabeth I
What were done as a result of fear and panic that women were worshipping the devil?
Witch trials
What is the name of the key figure in the Reformation that is known for his Ninety-Five Theses against the Church?
Martin Luther
What invention led to a rise in critical thinking and questioning of traditional authorities?
Printing Press
What is the term that applied to Christians who were not Roman Catholic or Eastern Orthodox?
Protestants
What was the name of the practices where the Church granted remission of sins in exchange for money or good deeds?
Indulgences
What was Huldrych Zwingli's want for the Christian faith?
A return to the more personal faith of early Christianity
What is a government controlled by religious leaders?
Theocracy
What was the name of the Catholic Church's court that was created to fight against Protestantism in 1542?
The Roman Inquisition
What was the primary reason Henry VIII forced England to stop being a Catholic nation?
To annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon
How did the decline of the Catholic Church's authority influence the concept of modern nation-states?
It allowed monarchs to gain more power and consolidate it
What was the name of French Calvinist Protestants who sought religious freedom and faced persecution?
Huguenots
What is the name of a person who had a religious belief that was contrary to the Church?
Heretic
What was the main purpose of Peace of Augsburg?
Resolving conflicts between Catholics and Lutherans
How did the rise of national identity in Europe during the 16th century relate to the power of the Catholic Church?
Led to a decline in the influence of the Catholic Church
What did both Catholic and Protestant leaders see as playing a crucial role in promoting their beliefs?
Education
What is the name of a person who followed the teachings of Ignatius of Loyola?
Jesuit
How did the Council of Trent respond to the Protestant Reformation's criticism of Catholic practices?
By doubling down on traditional Catholic teachings and practices
Why was the Society of Jesus different from other religious orders at the time of its creation?
Its commitment to education and intellectual pursuits